SYSTEMATIC STUDY ON ARTHROPOD INFESTATION IN SHEEP WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO TICKS
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Date
2018-08
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KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR
Abstract
A systematic study on arthropod infestation in sheep in Karnataka based on season,
breed, management system, agroclimatic zone and site preference was undertaken in nine
organized and ten unorganised farms. The prevalence of ectoparasite infestations was
20.7% and 43.7% in organised and unorganized farms. Among all the ectoparasites,
prevalence of ticks was highest followed by lice, mites, fleas, nasal bots and flies. The ticks
were found resistant to deltamethrin, cypermethrin and were susceptible to amitraz using
LPT and AIT-DD test. Among the two EPNs assessed, H.indica was found to be more
virulent than S.abbasi. Among the phytoacaricides, Carica papaya seed extract was found
to be more virulent than Ricinus communis leaves against ticks by LPT and AIT. By
microscopy the prevalence rate of Theileria spp was 16.4% and 64% in organized and
unorganized farms respectively. By PCR 24.7 % were positive for T.luwenshuni and 4.7%
for T.ovis in organised farms. Also 72 % were positive for T.luwenshuni, 19 % positive for
T.ovis and 4 % positive for B.ovis in unorganised farms. Staining of tick tissues with
Geimsa revealed 13.5% and 10% of parasitic infection in organized and unorganized farms
respectively. Similarly, MGP stain revealed 11.86% and 15.55% infection in organized
and unorganized farms. Using PCR, the prevalence of T.luwenshuni in H.Kutchensis was
36% and of T.ovis in H.a.anatolicum was 4% in organised farms. Prevalence of
T.luwenshuni and T.ovis was 77% in H.kutchensis and 47 % in H. a. anatolicum in
unorganised farms. H.kutchensis ticks was considered as potential vector in disease
transmission of T.luwenshuni and T.ovis in sheep in Karnataka.
Key words: Arthropods prevalence, sheep farms, acaricides, phytoacaricides, EPNs, vector
potentiality