STUDY OF ANTI -MICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACTS FROM MARINE SPONGE, Hyrtios cavernosus (VACELET, VASSEUR & LEVI, 1976) FROM RATNAGIRI COAST (Accession No. T06865)
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Date
2019-10
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dr. B.S.KKV., Dapoli
Abstract
Sponges are the members of Phylum Porifera and being the most ancient phylum living from intertidal to abyssal (deepest ocean). Sponges are mostly found in many tropical reef ecosystem as well as in fresh water habitats and contain a variety of microbial symbionts. These symbionts like bacteria and algae are responsible for the variety of bioactive compounds that help in the defense mechanism of sponges. These bioactive compounds having anti microbial properties could be used for developing edicines for humans and other animals including fishes. Current work analyzed the anti-microbial activities of the marine sponge, Hyrtios cavernosus found along the Alawa and Aare ware shores of Ratnagiri coast. The sponge extracts were prepared using methanol, chloroform and methanol: chloroform as solvents. They were tested against five bacteria viz. Escherichia coli ,
Aeromonas veroni, A. salmonicida, Pseudomonas fluroscence and Staphylococcus spp. The concentrations of 100x extracts were serially diluted with respective solvents to 1x, 2x, 3x and 4x. Methanol extract from Alawa station at 4x concentration showed inhibiting activity against E.coli (14.0 ± 0.22 mm), A. veronii (9.87 ± 0.22 mm) , A. salmonicida (13.67 ± 0.18 mm) , P. flueroscence (12.67 ± 0.32 mm) and Staphylococcus spp.(14.33 ± 0.13 mm), while from Aare ware station, the values were as E.coli (13.33 ± 0.28 mm) , A. veronii ( 11.0 ± 0.53 mm), A. salmonicida ( 14.33 ± 0.32 mm), P. flueroscence (12.34 ± 0.23 mm) and Staphylococcus spp.(13.33 ± 0.29 mm). For Chloroform extract from Alawa showed activity aganist only A. salmonicida (18.67 ± 0.34 mm) and Staphylococcus spp. (15.67 ± 0.32 mm), and from Aare ware, A.salmonicida ( 18.0 ± 0.32 mm) and Staphylococcus spp. (15.0 ± 0.25 mm). The Methanol:Chloroform (2:1) extract from Alawa showed inhibition zones against all the tested bacteria at 4x concentration as E.coli ( 19.33 ± 0.23 mm) , A.veronii (11.33 ± 0.27 mm), A.salmonicida ( 14.33 ± 0.23 mm), P. flueroscence ( 12.33 ± 0.19 mm) and Staphylococcus spp.(13.34 ± 0.32 mm), while values for sponge extract from Aare ware were E.coli ( 19.5 ± 0.32 mm) , A. veronii (14.5 ± 0.18 mm), A.salmonicida ( 11.68±0.29 mm) , P. flueroscence ( 12.83±0.15 mm) and Staphylococcus spp.(12.66± 0.34 mm). This indicated that these sponge -solvent extracts were effective against the selected bacteria at 4x concentrations.