Effect of Crop establishment methods and sowing environment on growth, yield and quality of basmati cultivars
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Date
2020-02
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Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Jammu, J&K
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Effect of Crop establishment methods and sowing environment on growth, yield and quality of basmati cultivars” was carried out at Research farm of Agro-meteorological section, Division of Agronomy, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Chatha during the kharif season of 2018. The experiment was laid out in split-split plot design with three replications The main plots consisted of three establishment method (Direct seeded Rice, SRI method and Conventional), sub plots consisting three sowing environments (1st June, 15th June and 30th June) and three cultivars (SJR-129, Basmati-370 and Pusa-1121) were taken as sub-sub plot. All the cultivars under investigation were grown as per the recommended package of practices except for the treatments under investigation. The soil of the experimental site was sandy clay loam in textural alkaline in nature, having pH of 7.13, EC (0.16 dS/m), organic carbon (0.38 %) low in available nitrogen (212.13 kg/ha), medium in phosphorus (14.12 kg/ha) and potassium (134.50 kg/ha).
Phenology of basmati cultivar was found to be influenced by SRI in comparison to conventional and DSR. All the cultivar matured (10-15 days) earlier under DSR (119 days) method than conventional (134 days) and SRI (131 days), respectively. The plant height (177.69 cm), number of tillers (271.14/m2), dry matter accumulation (66.71 g/m2), CGR (11.94 g/m2/day), RGR (85.04 g/g/m2/day), head recovery (55.99 %), grain yield (36.12 q/ha), were recorded higher in SRI system however lower cost of cultivation (22141 `/ha) and higher B: C (2.47) ratio was recorded under DSR establishment.
Among the sowing environment the 1st June sown crop found to be superior in terms of growth parameters, yield, quality and nutrient uptake due to additionally accumulated higher. GDD (3191.2 °C day hours) PTU (4280.5 °C day hours) HTU (18871 °C day hours) and HUE (20 g/m2°C/day hours) than crop sown higher environments. However among cultivar, the yield of Pusa-1121 (38.11 q/ha) was statistically at par with SJR-129 (37.96 q/ha) but quality of Basmati-370 (25.57 q/ha) was better than both the cultivars.
On the basis of one year experimentation it is concluded that rice cultivars, Pusa-1121 raised on 1st June with SRI crop establishment method is economically better for farmers in irrigated sub tropical area of Jammu followed by conventional and DSR.
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Preferred for your work Sub- Tropical Of Jammu Region Agronomy Skuast Jammu