Effect of Moisture Stress on Heterosisand Combining Ability in spring Maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids
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Date
2020
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MPUT, UDAIPUR
Abstract
The present investigation “Effect of moisture stress on heterosis and
combining ability in spring maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids” was under taken with a
view to estimate the extent of heterosis, per se performance, combining ability,
genotype x environment interaction and stability parameters in spring season maize
hybrids under normal and moisture stressed environment. The experimental material
comprised of 12 inbred lines and 4 testers were crossed in line x tester mating design
to obtain 48 hybrids, The resultant hybrids, along with parents and 4 checks were
evaluated in randomized block design with three replication in three environments
viz; E1 (normal irrigation), E2 (irrigation withheld at 900 GDD) and E3 (irrigation
withheld at 1300 GDD) during spring 2017 at the instructional farm, Rajasthan
College of Agriculture, MPUA&T, Udaipur (Rajasthan).
The analysis of variance for experimental design in individual environment
revealed significant difference among genotype in all the three environments for
almost all the characters. Further partitioning of genotypic variance into parents,
crosses and parents v/s crosses reveled that for almost all the characters under study
there were significant difference.
On the basis of per se performance, environment E1 (normal irrigation) was
superior for grain yield and all yield contributing traits. In environment E2, moisture
stress at anthesis stage severely affectedper se performance for grain yield and all
yield contributing traits while in environment E3where moisture stress was introduced
at grain filling stage the per se performancewas less affected. Hybrids EI-2176 x EI-
2403, EI-1155-1 x EI-2127, EI-670-2 x EI-2416 and EI-1155-1 x EI-2416manifested
significant economic heterosis in all environments and across the environments,
indicating importance of dominant gene action for higher grain yield per plant. On the pooled basis hybrid EI-1155-1 x EI-2416(37.43%) manifested highest significant and
positive economic heterosis for grain yield per plant over the best checks Vivek
Maize Hybrid-21.
The estimates of GCA effects revealed that among inbred lines, EI-670-2, EI-
1155-1, and EI-2172and among the testers, EI-2403 and EI-2416 were good general
combiner for grain yield per plant and majority of yield contributing traits. The
estimates of significant positive sca effects were observed in seventeen hybrids on
pooled basis. Seven hybrids viz., EI-2173 x EI-2403, EI-2145 x EI-2127, EI-1155-1 x
EI-2127, EI-2173 x EI-2127, EI-1280-1 x EI-561-2, EI-586-03 x EI-561-2and EI-670-
2 x EI-2416manifested positive significant sca effects in the individual environments
as well as on pooled basis.
The analysis of variance for stability revealed that environments differed
significantly for all the characters under study. Inbred lines EI-1155-1,EI-2173, EI-
1280-1 and EI-2174and tester EI-2416 had stable performance of grain yield under
unfavorable environment. While four hybrids viz., EI-2145 x EI-2127, EI-1155-1 x
EI-561-2, EI-2145 x EI-2416and EI-2173-56 x EI-2416 were found stable for
different environment for grain yield per plant.
From the above findings it was concluded that four hybrids viz EI-1155-1 x
EI-2416, EI-2176 x EI-2403, EI-670-2 x EI-2416 and EI-1155-1 x EI-2127
manifested significant economic heterosis and highper se performance for grain yield
per plant in both normal environment and moisture deficit environment on pooled
basis indicating the presence of drought tolerant genes. Therefore these hybrids
should be tested directly in multilocation trials for there suaitability for release as a
variety
Description
Effect of Moisture Stress on Heterosisand Combining Ability in spring Maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids
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Citation
Chittora K. And Dubey R.B.