Studies on effect of integrated nutrient management on soil health disease resistance and nutrition of pomegranate (punica granatum L.)
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Date
2020-07-31
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Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Soil Health, Disease Resistance and Plant Nutrition of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Orchard” was conducted during the year 2017-18 and 2018-19 at research farm, College of Agriculture, Golegaon, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani. Five years old pomegranate trees having uniform growth and vigor were selected for experiment. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven treatments replicated four times. The treatment consist of T1- Absolute Control, T2- Farmer’s Practices (½ RDF), T3- RDF (625:250:250 g N, P2O5, K2O tree-1), T4- INM ( 15 kg FYM tree-1 + 8 ml Azotobactor, 8 ml PSB, 100 g Trichoderma tree-1 + RDF), T5- RDF + Antibiotics (Streptocycline @ 250 ppm tree-1), T6- T4 + Antibiotics and T7- T4 + Umber (Ficus racemosa) Rhizosphere Hybridised Soil (URHS @ 25 kg tree-1).
The results revealed that growth parameters, height of pomegranate plant at flowering and harvesting showed statistical significance with application of treatment T7 receiving FYM @ 15 kg, Azotobacter @ 8 ml per tree, PSB @ 8 ml per tree and Trichoderma @ 100 g per tree, 625:250:250 g N, P2O5 and K2O per tree and URHS @ 25 kg per tree. The spread of pomegranate tree was not found significant with Integrated Nutrient Management practices. Yield attributes viz., number of flower, number of fruits, fruit set, fruit weight and yield of pomegranate were significantly increased due to treatment T7 and found to be at par with treatment T6 receiving FYM @ 15 kg tree-1, Azotobacter @ 8 ml per tree, PSB@ 8 ml per tree and Trichoderma @ 100 g per tree, 625:250:250 g N, P2O5 and K2O per tree and Streptocycline @ 250 ppm per tree.
Quality parameters of pomegranate in respect of total soluble sugar, titrable acidity and colour of juice inferred that application of RDF, nutrient solubilizers, organic manures and Umber (Ficus racemosa) Rhizosphere Hybridised Soil significantly improved the nutritional quality of pomegranate fruits.
Disease resistance described by number of infected leaves per tree, per cent leaves infected, per cent leaf area affected, number of lesion per fruit and per cent fruit infection, number of twigs infected per tree, percent infected tree per twig and disease severity of leaf, fruit and twig reduced when pomegranate received 15 kg FYM tree-1, Azotobacter @ 8 ml per tree, PSB @ 8 ml per tree and Trichoderma @ 100 g per tree, 625:250:250 g N, P2O5 and K2O per tree and 25 kg URHS per tree.
Soil pH, EC, organic carbon and calcium carbonate content were improved due to application of 25 kg Umber rhizosphere hybridized soil per tree along with 15 kg FYM tree-1, Azotobacter @ 8 ml per tree, PSB @ 8 ml per tree and Trichoderma @ 100 g per tree, 625:250:250 g N, P2O5 and K2O per tree (T7). Soil pH, EC and calcium carbonate content were not reached to the significance level. The highest organic carbon content was recorded in surface and subsurface soil at flowering and harvesting stage. Further, application of treatment T7 registered maximum available N, P, K, DTPA extractable Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and available B at flowering and harvesting at 0-22.5 and 22.5-45 cm depth, which was superior over all the treatments.
The highest leaf N, P, K, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and B concentration were recorded with application 15 kg FYM tree-1 , Azotobacter @ 8 ml per tree, PSB @ 8 ml per tree and Trichoderma @ 100 g per tree, 625:250:250 g N, P2O5 and K2O per tree and 25 kg URHS per tree (T7) at flowering and harvesting stage. Highest fruit nutrient content of pomegranate like N, P, K, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and B were also recorded with the same treatment after harvest of pomegranate.