Evaluation of ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) Genotypes for Morphological and Physico-Chemical characters
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Date
2019
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Mahatha Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth,Rahuri
Abstract
The present investigation entitled, “Evaluation of ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) genotypes for morphological and physico-chemical characters” was conducted at Instructional-cum-Research Orchard of Arid Zone Fruit Project, Department of Horticulture, MPKV., Rahuri. during 2017-19. The experiment was conducted on two years old tree. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with twenty-eight treatments and two replications. Observations on morphological and yield parameters were recorded from August, 2017 to January, 2018. In growth characters, canopy volume, yield and yield efficiency are important characters.
Tree height ranged from 2.35 to 3.85 m. The maximum tree height was recorded for genotype Folisio Alwar (3.85m), while the minimum height was recorded for the genotype Sanaur No. 1 (2.35 m). Canopy volume ranged from 7.93 to 32.18 kg/m3 of which the minimum canopy volume was recorded in Jalundari (7.93 m3), while the maximum canopy volume was recorded in Sua (32.18 m3).Yield per tree ranged from 2.02 to 8.60 kg/tree. The maximum fruit yield was recorded in the genotype Z.G. No. 2 (8.6 kg/tree) and the minimum yield was recorded in Glory (2.02 kg/tree). Yield efficiency is one of the important parameters which ranged from 0.11 to 0.47 kg/m3. The maximum yield efficiency was recorded for genotype S313 (0.47 kg/m3) followed by Golar (0.46 kg/m3), Z.G. No. 2 (0.43 kg/m3), Sanaur No. 1 (0.43 kg/m3) and Jalundari (0.35 kg/m3).
Average fruit weight ranged from 4.20 to 23.50 g. The maximum fruit weight was recorded in the genotype Nalgari (23.5 g) while the minimum fruit weight was recorded in the genotype Nehru Mandal (4.2 g). Pulp: stone ratio ranged from 2.36 to 26.6. The maximum pulp: stone ratio was recorded in the genotype Nalgari (26.6) and the minimum pulp: stone ratio was recorded in Seedless (2.36).
The bio-chemical parameters studied during present investigation much variation. TSS ranged from 10.20 to 22.80 ºBrix, acidity ranged from 0.23 to 0.60%, ascorbic acid content ranged from 87.90 to 207 mg/100g, Total sugars ranged from 7.50 to 9.60% and TSS/Acid ratio was found to be in the range of 27.16 to 55.88.
Genotype Z.G. No. 2 was found superior in all the biochemical characters i.e. TSS (18.2ºBrix), acidity (0.34%), ascorbic acid content (144 mg/100g), total sugars (9.01%) and TSS/Acid ratio (52.94).
Summing the present investigation, it could be concluded that, the variety having more yield efficiency with less canopy volume could be considered for commercial exploitation or commercial plantation in general and Z.G. No. 2 in particular with better qualitative parameters.