Distribution, Losses and Management of Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita Infecting Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under Protected Cultivation
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Date
2020-08-29
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MPUT, UDAIPUR
Abstract
Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita is polyphagous pest throughout the world and causes severe losses in cucumber under protected cultivation. Looking to its economic importance and severity, some experiments have been conducted for the management of this key pest in poly-houses. Attempts were made to find out the occurrence and population status, avoidable losses, seasonal fluctuations and to develop effective, economical and eco-friendly management strategies against root-knot nematode, M. incognita on cucumber under protected cultivation.
During survey, one hundred fifty-eight samples were collected from forty poly-houses of Rajasthan. Results revealed that occurrence of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp. was recorded 100 % in poly houses. Root-knot nematode infestation was recorded high from poly houses of Tana, Surajpole, Manda Gulfmroshan, Bikarni, Nandoli and Nohar locations.
Results revealed that application of phorate at 2 kg a.i./ha avoided yield losses to the tune of 66.84% on cucumber caused by root-knot nematode, M. incognita in poly-house. Population fluctuation studies showed that nematode population increased with the increase of crop time. Results revealed that minimum galls on cucumber found at 15 days after sowing while highest at 120 days after sowing. Population of egg masses/5g roots and larvae/100 cc soil also showed similar trend as of galls/5g roots.
Results revealed that hot water at 1.5 litre per poly bag was found superior followed by 1.0 litre and 0.5 litre/ poly bag with regards to reduced nematode population and to enhance yield of cucumber in poly houses.
Organic amendments trial showed that neem cake at 50 g/plant was found to be superior followed by tobacco churi and tea waste at 40 g/plant with respect to reduced infection of M. incognita and to increase yield of cucumber under protected cultivation. Bio-agent trial exhibited that T. viride at 5 g/plant was found to be the superior with regards to reduced infection of root-knot nematode, M. incognita and to increase plant growth parameters of cucumber in poly house followed by P. lilacinus and T. harzianum at 5 g/plant.
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Chemical treatment trial revealed that formalin at 30 ml/plant followed by phorate at 2 g a.i./plant and metham sodium at 10.0 ml/plant were found superior in decreasing nematode reproduction parameters of M. incognita and to enhance cucumber yield under protected cultivation.
Eco-friendly management trail revealed that Hot water 1 litre+ Neem cake 50 g /plant + T. viride 5 g/plant was found to be the superior to reduced infection of M. incognita and to enhance cucumber yield under protected cultivation followed by Hot water 1 litre + Tobacco churi 20 g/plant + P. lilacinus 2.5 g/plant and Hot water 1 litre + Tea waste 20 g/plant + P. lilacinus 2.5 g/plant combination.
An integrated nematode management trial was conducted for the management of M. incognita on cucumber in poly-house. Results exhibited that all the treatments significantly reduced nematode population parameters and plant growth characters over untreated check. Among treatment combinations, Highest yield was obtained with integration of Hot water at 1 litre + Neem cake at 50 g/plant + phorate at 0.5 g a.i./plant followed by Hot water at 1 litre + Tobacco churi at 20 g/plant + carbofuran at 0.5 g a.i./plant and Hot water at 1 litre + Tea waste at 20 g/plant + carbofuran at 0.5 g a.i./plant.
Description
Distribution, Losses and Management of Root-Knot Nematode, incognita Infecting Cucumberunder Protected Cultivation
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Citation
Bhati S.S. And Baheti B.L.