Nutritional Status of Dairy Cattle and Buffaloes in Pratapgarh District of Rajasthan

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Date
2020
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MPUT, UDAIPUR
Abstract
The investigation was conducted to assess the nutritional status of dairy cattle and buffaloes at Pratapgarh district of Rajasthan. Four tehsil were selected randomly and three villages were selected from each tehsil and fifteen dairy farmres from each of village were selected thus making a sample of 180 respondents from twelve villages in Partapgarh district of Rajasthan. The study indicated that maximum (53.89 per cent) cattle and buffalo owners go to middle age category followed by young (27.78 per cent) and old (18.33 per cent). The dairy farmers were educated to primary level (42.78 per cent) followed by (33.33 per cent) owners were illiterate. Greater part (52.22 per cent) of the cattle and buffaloes owners belonged to ST, 35 per cent were OBC, 11.11 per cent were General and 1.67 per cent was SC castes. a majority (59.44 per cent) of the cattle and buffaloes owners had medium land holding pursued by 27.22 per cent and 13.33 per cent belonged small and big size of land holding, respectively. A greater part (41.67 per cent) of the cattle and buffaloes holders’ observed agriculture followed by 37.22, 15.56 and 5.56 per cent possessed labour, dairy farm and business, respectively. A greater part (62.78 per cent) of the cattle and buffaloes holders’ observed Rs 100000 to 250000 annual income followed by 27.78 and 9.44 per cent possessed Rs10000 to 100000 and above Rs 250000 annual income, respectively. In study area, mostly green fodder provided to animals like Lucerne, berseem, sorghum and bajra was fed to the animals. The amount of green fodder fed to animals ranged from concerning 2 to 10 kg per milch animal in the study area. Green fodder is being fed to all categories of dairy animals in study area. Dairy cattle and buffalo owners were fed non-leguminous as well as leguminous dry fodder to dairy cattle and buffalo in the study area. The maximum farmers (58.33%) provide non-leguminous fodder. Mostly dry fodder fed to animals like wheat and soyabean, stover of maize and sorghum and local mature pasture dry grasses. Sometimes gram mungbean used as dry fodder depending on their availability and cost factor. It was observed that all the farmers provided concentrate to all milch animals and some advanced pregnant animals. Most of the farmers provided the different types of concentrate mixture (cotton seed cake, cotton seed) to animals. Cattle and buffalo holders were also provided the concentrate like bajra grains, wheat grain crushed barley and soyabeen churi etc. Some farmers were provide market concentrate mixture to dairy cattle and buffaloes. It was observed in study area that 42.22 per cent respondents were sometime chopping of green fodder, 67.22 per cent respondents were preserve green fodder for its utilization during scarcity. However, 59.44 per cent of the respondents chopped dry fodder sometime. In study area that only 67.22 per cent respondents mixed green fodder with dry fodder at the time of feeding to animals. A grater part of cattle and buffaloes owners (47.22 per cent) were adopt boiling method of pre-treatment of concentrate mixture before fed to animals. The maximum frequency of given concentrates mixture was 47.22 per cent twice in a day, that only 57.78 per cent dairy farmer’s provide drinking water in the shed, 62.78 per cent dairy farmers used village well as the source of drinking water for animals while others resources namely hand pump, that only complete stall feeding was reported by only 13.89 per cent dairy farmers adopted in study area. Animals were sent for feeding in the hilly area of surrounding the village, individual pasture and social pasture by almost all the dairy farmers. The greater part of dairy farmers (46.67%) sent their animals for 4 to 6 hours daily grazing in study area. In study area that indicate the under milk yield range of 1-4 kg the animals consumed significantly less quantity of DCP (341.42 g) while TDN (3.85 kg) consumed was found significantly higher than the requirement in the aforesaid milk yield range. The range of milk yield 5-8 kg and 8 and above kg the animals consumed significantly less quantity of DCP (465.33g and 589.25 g) in comparison to the actual requirement. While TDN consumption (5.03 kg and 6.23 kg) was found significantly higher than the requirement in the aforesaid milk yield range, that DCP consuming (211.75 g) by dry animals was observed significantly lower in comparison to the requirement (230 g). While TDN the consumption by dry animals was recorded significantly higher (3.67 kg) than the requirements (2.7 kg) and that DCP consuming (374.75 g) by advanced pregnant animals was observed significantly higher than the requirement (300 g). While TDN the consumption by dry animals was recorded significantly higher (4.76 kg) than the requirements (3.7 kg). The major constraints faced by dairy farmers were unavailability of cheap and quality green fodder round the year (rank I); Unavailability of equipment (chaff cutter) for chopping of fodder (rank II); Unavailability of concentrate mixture at subsidized rate (rank III); Lack of proper improvement of pasture land and development of fodder grasses (rank IV); Unavailability of proper health management (rank V); Unavailability of good quality seeds for growing fodder crops (rank VI); Unavailability of breeding stock (rank VII); Lack of knowledge about silage preparation (rank VIII); Unavailability of proper care of calf and heifer (rank IX) and Unavailability of cattle and buffaloes ingredients For concentrate adequately throughout the year (rank X). Lack of veterinary doctors and lake of scientific management and health care of dairy animals practices were as the important constraint in adopting improved during farming practices majority of respondents.
Description
Nutritional Status of Dairy Cattle and Buffaloes in Pratapgarh District of Rajasthan
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Citation
Kumar A. And Choudhary J.L.
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