Nutritional Status of Dairy Cattle and Buffaloes in Pratapgarh District of Rajasthan
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Date
2020
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Publisher
MPUT, UDAIPUR
Abstract
The investigation was conducted to assess the nutritional status of dairy cattle and
buffaloes at Pratapgarh district of Rajasthan. Four tehsil were selected randomly and three
villages were selected from each tehsil and fifteen dairy farmres from each of village were
selected thus making a sample of 180 respondents from twelve villages in Partapgarh district
of Rajasthan.
The study indicated that maximum (53.89 per cent) cattle and buffalo owners go to
middle age category followed by young (27.78 per cent) and old (18.33 per cent). The dairy
farmers were educated to primary level (42.78 per cent) followed by (33.33 per cent) owners
were illiterate. Greater part (52.22 per cent) of the cattle and buffaloes owners belonged to
ST, 35 per cent were OBC, 11.11 per cent were General and 1.67 per cent was SC castes. a
majority (59.44 per cent) of the cattle and buffaloes owners had medium land holding
pursued by 27.22 per cent and 13.33 per cent belonged small and big size of land holding,
respectively. A greater part (41.67 per cent) of the cattle and buffaloes holders’ observed
agriculture followed by 37.22, 15.56 and 5.56 per cent possessed labour, dairy farm and
business, respectively. A greater part (62.78 per cent) of the cattle and buffaloes holders’
observed Rs 100000 to 250000 annual income followed by 27.78 and 9.44 per cent possessed
Rs10000 to 100000 and above Rs 250000 annual income, respectively.
In study area, mostly green fodder provided to animals like Lucerne, berseem,
sorghum and bajra was fed to the animals. The amount of green fodder fed to animals ranged
from concerning 2 to 10 kg per milch animal in the study area. Green fodder is being fed to
all categories of dairy animals in study area.
Dairy cattle and buffalo owners were fed non-leguminous as well as leguminous dry
fodder to dairy cattle and buffalo in the study area. The maximum farmers (58.33%) provide
non-leguminous fodder. Mostly dry fodder fed to animals like wheat and soyabean, stover of
maize and sorghum and local mature pasture dry grasses. Sometimes gram mungbean used as
dry fodder depending on their availability and cost factor.
It was observed that all the farmers provided concentrate to all milch animals and
some advanced pregnant animals. Most of the farmers provided the different types of
concentrate mixture (cotton seed cake, cotton seed) to animals. Cattle and buffalo holders
were also provided the concentrate like bajra grains, wheat grain crushed barley and soyabeen
churi etc. Some farmers were provide market concentrate mixture to dairy cattle and
buffaloes.
It was observed in study area that 42.22 per cent respondents were sometime
chopping of green fodder, 67.22 per cent respondents were preserve green fodder for its
utilization during scarcity. However, 59.44 per cent of the respondents chopped dry fodder
sometime. In study area that only 67.22 per cent respondents mixed green fodder with dry
fodder at the time of feeding to animals. A grater part of cattle and buffaloes owners (47.22
per cent) were adopt boiling method of pre-treatment of concentrate mixture before fed to
animals. The maximum frequency of given concentrates mixture was 47.22 per cent twice in
a day, that only 57.78 per cent dairy farmer’s provide drinking water in the shed, 62.78 per
cent dairy farmers used village well as the source of drinking water for animals while others
resources namely hand pump, that only complete stall feeding was reported by only 13.89 per
cent dairy farmers adopted in study area. Animals were sent for feeding in the hilly area of
surrounding the village, individual pasture and social pasture by almost all the dairy farmers.
The greater part of dairy farmers (46.67%) sent their animals for 4 to 6 hours daily grazing in
study area.
In study area that indicate the under milk yield range of 1-4 kg the animals consumed
significantly less quantity of DCP (341.42 g) while TDN (3.85 kg) consumed was found
significantly higher than the requirement in the aforesaid milk yield range. The range of
milk yield 5-8 kg and 8 and above kg the animals consumed significantly less quantity of
DCP (465.33g and 589.25 g) in comparison to the actual requirement. While TDN
consumption (5.03 kg and 6.23 kg) was found significantly higher than the requirement in
the aforesaid milk yield range, that DCP consuming (211.75 g) by dry animals was
observed significantly lower in comparison to the requirement (230 g). While TDN the
consumption by dry animals was recorded significantly higher (3.67 kg) than the
requirements (2.7 kg) and that DCP consuming (374.75 g) by advanced pregnant animals
was observed significantly higher than the requirement (300 g). While TDN the
consumption by dry animals was recorded significantly higher (4.76 kg) than the
requirements (3.7 kg).
The major constraints faced by dairy farmers were unavailability of cheap and quality
green fodder round the year (rank I); Unavailability of equipment (chaff cutter) for
chopping of fodder (rank II); Unavailability of concentrate mixture at subsidized rate
(rank III); Lack of proper improvement of pasture land and development of fodder
grasses (rank IV); Unavailability of proper health management (rank V); Unavailability
of good quality seeds for growing fodder crops (rank VI); Unavailability of breeding
stock (rank VII); Lack of knowledge about silage preparation (rank VIII); Unavailability
of proper care of calf and heifer (rank IX) and Unavailability of cattle and buffaloes
ingredients For concentrate adequately throughout the year (rank X). Lack of veterinary
doctors and lake of scientific management and health care of dairy animals practices were
as the important constraint in adopting improved during farming practices majority of
respondents.
Description
Nutritional Status of Dairy Cattle and Buffaloes in Pratapgarh District of Rajasthan
Keywords
Citation
Kumar A. And Choudhary J.L.