DIVERSITY OF JAMUN (Syzygium cumini L.) FOR HORTICULTURAL TRAITS
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Date
2018-01
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Division of Fruit Science Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, Jammu
Abstract
The present investigations entitled “Characterization and evaluation of genetic diversity of jamun (Syzygium cumini L.) for horticultural traits” were undertaken during 2013-2014 in the jamun growing areas of Jammu district of Jammu and Kashmir. Survey was conducted to locate areas of diversity for jamun and on the basis of expression of different characters forty plants were selected for characterization and evaluation of genetic diversity according to the minimal descriptor jamun published by National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources. Most of the vegetative, floral and fruit characters recorded as per the descriptor, revealed wide variations among the genotypes studied. Highest heritability (broad sense) was recorded as 67.8 per cent for the character pulp to seed ratio and lowest (28.6%) for specific gravity. Maximum genetic gain (46.9%) was recorded for yield efficiency and minimum (4.7%) for specific gravity. The correlation studies revealed that specific gravity, pulp to seed ratio and TSS exhibited positive and significant correlation whereas fruit weight, fruit size, acidity and ascorbic acid showed negative correlation with yield efficiency at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. Path analysis revealed that maximum positive direct effect on yield efficiency came from fruit size followed by pulp: seed ratio whereas the significant positive indirect effect came from fruit size through pulp: seed ratio. In divergence analysis, all the forty genotypes were grouped into seven clusters. Highest mean values for fruit weight (11.36 g) and fruit size (620.71 cm2) were recorded in Cluster-II, whereas, Cluster-I recorded maximum pulp to seed ratio (6.71) and ascorbic acid (42.18 mg/100 g). Maximum mean value for TSS (15.04°B) and yield efficiency (0.23) was noted in Cluster-V and for specific gravity (1.06) in Cluster-IV. The genetic diversity observed during the present investigations can be beneficially exploited either by the way of direct selection of individual superior genotypes or by using them as donor parents in the hybridization programme, keeping in view the high heritability (broad sense) and the magnitude of genetic advance in the different traits of horticultural importance. On the basis of the evaluation of different characters, five jamun genotypes of seedling origin viz. SJJS-4, SJJS-10, SJJS-23, SJJS-27 and SJJS-29 have been found promising for different fruit quality parameters.
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