NUTRITIONALEVALUATION OF FEW SESAME GENOTYPES OF ASSAM
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Date
2019-07
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AAU, Jorhat
Abstract
Sesame (SesamumindicumL.) is an important and oldest oilseed crop of tropical and sub-tropical region with high oil contentand hence it is known as the king of oil seeds. Sesame seeds are popularly known as ‘til’ in India.The sesame oil is markedly different from other vegetable oils due to its high nutritional and therapeutic values. Besides, its high oil content, it is also known for the properties of good health which consists of plethora of nutrients viz., proteins, carbohydrates, antioxidants, lignans, tocopherols and other micronutrients. Sesame seeds with high amounts of nutritional components are consumed as a traditional health food for its specific antihypertensive effect, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activity.
In the present investigation, thirteen sesame genotypes from RARS (Regional Agricultural Research Station, Diphu were evaluated for its nutritional composition and characterization of oil. The genotypes showed a considerable variation among different constituents analyzed.Moisture contents of sesame genotypes ranged from 5.19 to 7.66 per cent, carbohydrate from 11.25 to 19.54 per cent, crude protein from 19.32 to 22.81 per cent, crude fat from 35.81 to 49.25 per cent, crude fiber from 3.23 to 9.74 per cent and ash from 1.50 to 5.53 per cent on dry weight basis. Total phenolic content was found between 0.88 to 1.98 mg catechol equivalent/g, flavonoids content between 0.11 to 0.19 mg quercetin equivalent/g and DPPH inhibition percentage between 59.30 to 67.75 per cent on dry weight basis. The iodine, saponification value and acid value were found in the range of 81.64 to 113.79 g I2/100g oil, 159.89 to 206.64 mg KOH/g oil and o.56 to 2.16 mg KOH/ g oil respectively. Sesame contains minerals like iron, calcium, sodium and potassium ranged from 1.34 to 10.01mg/100g, 975.33 to 1282.67 mg/100g, 17.80 to 65.40 mg/100g and 108.00 to 379.33 mg/100g respectively. From the results of the present investigation, it can be concluded that the genotypesʻNemposoksu, AUDT-303-1-1 and Meghalaya local-1ʼ are found to be superior. The present findings suggest to study the complete fatty acid profiling, protein profiling, mineral profiling, amino acid profiling, vitamin contents etc. for nutritional evaluation of the sesame genotypes.The study also necessitates for the evaluation of some sesame genotypes so that the nutritionally superior cultivars which can be differentiated.