STANDARDIZATION OF TISSUE CULTURE PROTOCOL FOR TURMERIC (Curcuma longa L.) cv. SALEM
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Date
2018-07
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot
Abstract
Studies on standardization of tissue culture protocol for turmeric (Curcuma
longa L.) cv. Salem was carried out at the Center for Horticulture Biotechnology,
Directorate of Research, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot during the
year 2017-18. Surface sterilization of the explants was effectively achieved by HgCl2
treatment with 0.10 % for 15 minutes as it resulted in highest culture establishment
(59.99 %), least tissue damage (9.99 %) with minimum bacterial (9.99 %) and fungal
(16.66 %) contamination. Among the different treatments used for shoot proliferation,
MS medium fortified with BAP 2 mg/l and IAA 0.2 mg/l gave significantly maximum
response (94.44 %), number of shoots per explant (9.85), number of leaves per shoot
(3.31) and better shoot length (3.68 cm).
Significantly maximum in vitro rooting (91.17 %), number of primary roots
per plantlet (2.70), length of the longest primary root (7.29 cm), numbers of
secondary roots per plantlet (8.59) and fresh weight of plantlet (1.80 gm) were
observed with ½ strength MS medium containing IBA 2 mg/l. The rooted plantlets
were hardened for 25 days under polytunnel with different media. Among the
different media used Cocopeat + Perlite (1:0.5; v/v) + Trichoderma harzianum
(2 g/plant) + Pseudomonas fluorescence (2 g/plant) recorded maximum survival
(100 %), number of leaves per plantlet (7.20), shoot length of the plantlet (12.06 cm),
numbers of primary roots per plantlet (7.13), length of the longest primary roots
(10.93 cm) and numbers of secondary roots per plantlet (11.93).
The production cost of tissue culture turmeric plantlet was found out to be Rs.
6.44 in which in vitro production cost per plantlet was Rs. 5.21 and ex vitro hardening
cost was Rs. 1.23 by considering variable cost on the basis of one liter medium.