Biometrical studies in chilli (capsicum annum L.)
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Date
2017-09-30
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Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani
Abstract
The present investigation entitled "Biometrical studies in Chilli
(capsicum annum L.)" was carried out during kharif season, 2016 at the
Instructional Cum-Research-Farm, Department of Horticulture, College of
Agriculture, Latur, VNMKV, Parbhani. The study was undertaken on twenty
genotypes of chilli by using randomized block design with two replications.
Chilli seedlings were transplanted on 221
h August, 2016 at the
spacing of 60 em x 45 em. In each treatment there were twenty plants of each
genotype in a replication. Five plants were randomly selected from each
treatment to record observations on twenty seven characters.
A wide range of variation observed among the genotypes for all
the character. The high genotypic coeffici ent of variation as well as phenotypic
coefficient of variation was observed for plant spread, stem gi rth, primary
branches, length of fruit, diameter of fruit, fruit stalk length, weight of seed per
fruit, seed recovery, ac idity, number of fruits per plant (green /dry), yield per
plant (green /dry), yield per plot (green/dry) and yield qt/ha (green/dry).
The high heritability was found all characters under studies
except reducing sugar (%), non-reducing sugar (%), total sugar and ascorbic
acid (mg/1 OOg) shown low and moderate heritability. High genetic advance
over mean shown in twenty characters, while moderate genetic advance was
found in six characters and low genetic advance was found in T.S.S (%) and
reducing sugar(%) of fruit.
As regards plant spread, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit stalk
length showed highly significant and positive genotypic and phenotypic
correlation coefficient with fruit yield per plant. Reducing and non- reducing
sugar showed highly significant and positive genotypic and phenotypic
correlation coefficient with total sugar.
Path coefficient analysis revealed that plant spread, fruit
diameter, weight of seeds per fruit, was found positive and direct effect on fruit
yield per plant, while stem girth, primary branches, days to first flowering was
found high negative direct effect on fruit yield per plant. Fruit diameter was
very high positive direct effect on fruit yield per plant. Stem girth and primary
branches had very high negative direct effect on fruit yield per plant. Plant
spread and weight of seeds per fruit was medium positive direct effect on fruit
yield per plant. Days to first harvesting had low positive direct effect on fruit
yield per plant. Plant height and days to first harvesting had negligible effect
on fruit yield per plant.
The range and mean performance of yie ld, yield contributing
components and quality traits revealed that, ' PBNC-1 ' was found superior than
the rest of the genotypes for characters viz., yield per plant, yield per plot, yield
per hectare for both green and dry and also for plant spread, number of primary
branches, fruit length etc. as compared to all other genotypes. The variety
' DCC-127' was found early variety as observed from the characters days to
first flowering, days to 50% flowering and days to first harvest. For the quality
character, the genotype 'DCC-36' was found to be superior for T.S.S and
'PBNC-1' was found for acidity. For Ascorbic acid content the genotype 'Pusa
Jwala' was found supenor than the rest of genotypes. The sugar content
genotype 'Beed Local-1 ' was superior to rest of genotypes.
Thus, it can be concluded that , from the present studies it was
found that the genotype 'PBNC-1 'was superior for yield and yield contributing
characters, for the quality characters DCC-36, Pusa Jwala and Beed Local- I
was found superior than the rest of genotypes. The genotypes PBNC-1, DCC-
36, Pusa Jwala and Beed Local-1 was found superior in yield and quality
contributing characters in the Marathwada region for commercial cultivation
and further useful in breeding programme in chilli.