MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ANNONA (Annona squamosa L.) GENOTYPES FOR YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTING TRAITS
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Date
2019-08
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot
Abstract
The present investigation entitled „„Morphological and biochemical characterization of Annona (Annona squamosa L.) genotypes for yield and yield attributing traits.‟‟ was carried out at Horticulture Research and Extension station during 2018-19 using randomized complete block design with three replications.
The analysis of variance indicates highly significant difference among all the traits studied, except, reducing sugar and shelf life. Thus indicating the existence of variation among the genotypes and there was scope for crop improvement. Among 12 genotypes Balanagar (6.68 kg / plant), Arka Sahan (6.56 kg / plant) and Island Gem (6.49 kg / plant) are high yielding varieties. Hence, these can be further assessed for stability before exploiting them for future use. Fruit weight (240.0 g), fruit length (8.20 cm), pulp weight (155.0 g), total sugar (21.0 %), reducing sugar (17.73 %), TSS (27 %) and shelf life (3.33 days) was recorded maximum in Arka Sahan genotype.
High GCV and PCV were observed for yield per plant, number of seeds per fruit and seed width. High heritability observed for pulp weight, peel weight and fruit weight. High genetic advance as percent over mean was observed for yield per plant, number of seeds per fruit and seed width. Therefore, additive component is predominant here. Thus, there is ample scope for improving these characters through direct selection.
Total yield per plant positively and significantly associated with canopy spread E-W (0.886), fruit length (0.749), fruit width (0.788), fruit weight (0.785)À and peel weight (0.543). Path analysis revealed that fruit weight (0.869), fruit width (0.451), plant height (0.405) and number of seeds per fruit (0.196) had high positive direct effect on total yield per plant. By following Mahalanobis D2 analysis 12 accessions were grouped into 5 clusters. Cluster V (D2 = 101.94) had maximum intra-cluster diversity and the maximum inter- cluster distance (D2 = 619.69) was observed between clusters III and V. Maximum divergence was observed between these clusters. Hence the crosses between accessions of these clusters may be tried for improvement of yield.
The PCA analysis found to reduce the data of 17 traits in six most significant variables or components which recorded maximum and stable variability among all other characters. The genotypes corresponding to variables with maximum values would be taken into consideration for selection of diverse genotypes for future breeding programmes.