PLANNING AND DESIGNING OF MEWADO KA MATH MICRO-WATERSHED USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS
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Date
2019
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MPUT, UDAIPUR
Abstract
An attempt has been made for planning and designing of Mewado Ka Math
micro-watershed which is located in Udaipur district of Rajasthan. The study area lies
between 73°15’ to 73°20’N latitude and 24°45’ to24°50’E longitude and covers an
area of 8180 ha. The automated watershed delineation technique using digital
elevation model (DEM) is effective in converging slopes of the area in which the
slope patterns match with the manually digitized stream pattern of the topographical
map. In the present study, the qualitative analysis of the morphometric characteristics
of the basin have been done and computed using ArcGIS 10.1 software. The mean
length of the stream of the particular order increases with the increase in the order of
stream which means that the mean length of a stream of a given order is greater than
the immediate lower order but less than that of the next higher order. The low value of
bifurcation ratio (3.94) revealed that the watershed has suffered less structural
disturbance and the drainage pattern has not been distorted by structural disturbance.
Low value of form factor (Rf) indicates that the watershed will have a flatter peak of
flow for longer duration. High value of elongation ratio (0.39) compare to circulatory
ratio (0.36) indicates elongated shape of the watershed. Relief ratio (0.02) and relative
relief (0.89) reflects that the watershed be treated with soil and water conservation
measures. The drainage density of watershed was found as 3.64 km/km2 which
indicates the closeness of spacing of channels, thus providing a quantitative measure
of the average length of stream channel for the whole watershed.
Three thematic layers of geomorphology, soil and land use and land cover
were also prepared for Mewado Ka Math micro-watershed by using remote sensing
and GIS. With the help of the remote sensing and GIS techniques, the land use
capability classification of the watershed was categories in 8 classes and 21 blocks
were also done. Rainfall data of 30 years (1986-2015) for Udaipur were analysed for
probability distribution at different levels using Weilbull’s technique. Annual and
seasonal rainfall was observed as 802.00 mm and 760.00 mm at 50 per cent
respectively. So, it can be concluded that occurrence of rainfall at 50% probability
level found significance. The data were analysed for designing of water harvesting
structures.
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The appropriate agricultural and engineering measures adaptable in the
watershed were designed on the basis of rainfall analysis, land use capability
classification and topography of the area. Contour bund, Puerto rico terrace, stone
wall terrace was proposed for arable land whereas contour trenches, staggered
trenches and v-ditches were proposed for non-arable land for the purpose of soil and
water conservation. Cost per hectare for contour bunds, Puerto rico terrace and stone
wall terrace estimated to be Rs. 22883, Rs. 17383 and Rs. 5465/- respectively
whereas for contour trenches, staggered trenches and v-ditches the same has been
estimated to be Rs. 15435, Rs. 16201 and Rs. 11965/- respectively. For harvesting of
excess runoff, water harvesting structure (two Anicuts and three low cost dry stone
wall masonary) having storage capacity of 17.81 ha-m was planned and designed.
The cost of water harvesting structure Anicuts were estimated to be Rs. 9,01,400/- &
5,81,200/- respectively whereas the cost of low cost dry stone wall masonary were
estimated to be Rs. 1,95,600/-, 1,49,500/- & 1,55,600/-. Average cost of watershed
treatment excluding the cost of water harvesting structure was estimated to be Rs.
14,888/ha. For efficient utilisation of utilizing harvested water area allocation plan
was prepared for micro-watershed. Four different crops i.e. wheat, barely, gram and
mustard were suggested in area. Water requirement for four crops were estimated
and based on water availability area allocated for wheat, barely, gram and mustard
were found to be 123.76, 5.30, 4.77 and 4.30 ha respectively providing net profit of
Rs. 32,02,672/-.
Description
PLANNING AND DESIGNING OF MEWADO KA MATH MICRO-WATERSHED USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS
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Citation
Singh D.