Analysis of Problems and Prospects of Garlic Cultivation in Kota Region of Rajasthan
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Date
2019
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Publisher
MPUT, UDAIPUR
Abstract
Rajasthan is one of the major garlic producing states of the country. Garlic
(Allium sativum L.) is the second most important bulb crop after onion. It is grown on
107.97 lakh hectares state wide with a total production of 727.49 lakh tonnes and
average productivity of 6.74 tonnes/ha. Rajasthan consists of seven regions out of
which Kota region is major garlic producing region of the state. Garlic is grown in
this region in an area of 90697 hectares with a production of 591687 tonnes per
annum. The productivity of this crop is very low in this region as compared to state
average productivity. Keeping these facts in view the present investigation entitled
“Analysis of Problems and Prospects of Garlic Cultivation in Kota Region of
Rajasthan” was undertaken with following specific objectives:
1. To study the information seeking and processing behaviour of garlic growers.
2. To assess the status of knowledge and adoption of garlic production
technology among the farmers.
3. To study the extent of awareness and utilization of marketing channels to sell
the produce by the garlic growers.
4. To identify the constraints being faced by the garlic growers in adoption of
garlic production technology.
5. To ascertain the association of selected variables i.e. age, education, size of
land holding, annual income, cosmopolitan outlook, economic motivation,
extension contact and social participation of respondents with adoption of
improved garlic production technology.
6. To explore the possibilities of future prospects for promotion, processing,
value addition and marketing of garlic in the study area.
The present study was conducted in Kota and Baran districts of Kota region of
Rajasthan. Four tehsils namely Digod & Sangod thesils of Kota district and Antha &
* Ph.D. scholar, Department of Extension Education, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur-313001
** Professor, Department of Extension Education, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur-313001
Atru tehsils from Baran district were selected on the basis of maximum area under
garlic cultivation. Five villages from each identified tehsil were selected on the basis
of maximum area under garlic cultivaiton. From each identified village twelve garlic
growers (4 large, 4 small and 4 marginal farmers) were randomly selected. Thus, in
all 240 respondents were included in the sample of study. Relevant information was
collected through face to face contact method. Different statistical tests like mean, per
cent, mean per cent score, rank, standard deviation, chi-square test and analysis of
variance (‘F’ test) were used in the data analysis. The overall study reports the
following main findings:
1. It was observed that nearly fifty per cent respondents were from middle age group
of 32 to 46 years and they were illiterate. Majority of garlic growers (40.84 %)
were from Other Backward Class. The 56.25 per cent farmers had their annual
income between Rs. 40000 to 75000. Majority of the garlic growers (54.58 %)
living in joint family. It was further found that 40.00 per cent farmers had medium
cosmopolite nature and 42.08 per cent garlic growers had low economic
motivation. While, 43.34 per cent of total respondents had low extension contact
and 46.66 per cent farmers had low social participation.
2. It was observed that 68.34 per cent respondents had medium information
processing behaviour. It was further revealed that majority of the farmers
(84.16%) had discuss with family members, friends, fellow farmers, progressive
farmers and neighbours. The 85.62 per cent farmers stored the received
information by the way of memorizing the information and 73.95 per cent garlic
growers transferred the received information to their friends, fellow farmers,
progressive farmers and neighbours.
3. It was found that 56.67 per cent respondents had medium level of knowledge
about improved garlic cultivation practices. It was further reported that the extent
of knowledge about irrigation practices, harvesting time, improved varieties,
preparation of field, Sowing time and method, Post harvest practices and
marketing and weed management practices was 93.19, 89.16, 84.25, 81.66, 80.41,
77.16 and 76.97 MPS respectively. While the knowledge about Plant protection
techniques was observed to be 63.82 MPS among the garlic growers. The
knowledge level of large farmers was more than small and marginal farmers.
4. The findings revealed that 45.41 per cent garlic growers had medium adoption
level, whereas, 27.50 and 27.09 per cent respondents were reported from the low
and high adoption level respectively. It was further observed that maximum
adoption was reported in adoption of irrigation practices (82.52 MPS). This was
followed by practices like appropriate time of sowing, cultivation of improved
high yielding varieties, recommended seed rate, appropriate plant spacing,
application of farm implements for land preparation with the extent of adoption
was 81.19, 80.27, 79.22, 77.07, 75.85 and 75.83 MPS respectively. The adoption
level of large farmers was higher than small and marginal farmers.
5. It was observed that majority of the respondents (52.08 %) had medium level of
awareness about marketing channels. While, 25.41 and 22.50 per cent respondents
possessed low and high level of awareness respectively about marketing channels.
It was further observed that majority of the garlic growers (84.58%) were aware
about village merchant as a marketing channel. This was followed by marketing
channels like local farmers, co-operative societies, village trader, broker at home,
local market and whole seller. Whereas, low awareness level was found among
the farmers about marketing channels namely retailer, commission agent, mandies
at city, regulated market and consumers.
6. The study indicated that 60.41 per cent respondents had medium level of
utilization of marketing channels. While, 25.41 and 14.16 per cent respondents
possessed low and high level of utilization of marketing channels. The extent of
utilization of marketing channels namely mandies at city, village merchant, whole
seller, commission agent and local market with the extent of utilization was 77.70,
69.79, 66.16, 66.03 and 64.78 MPS respectively. Whereas, low utilization level
was found about marketing channels co-operative societies, broker at home,
regulated market and local farmers.
7. The results of the study showed that lack of knowledge about plant protection
measures, lack of know how about the proper use of chemical fertilizers and
micro-nutrients, non-availability of fertilizers at the peak season, non-availability
of improved seed at the time of sowing, high cost of seed of HYVs, high cost of
chemical fertilizers, higher susceptibility to insect-pest and diseases, problem of
grazing animals, lack of quick and cost effective transport facilities, absence of
adequate cold storage facilities, seasonal glut of the produce in the market were
important constraints perceived by the garlic growers in adoption of garlic
production technology.
8. The study revealed that there was significant association between age, education,
size of land holding, cosmopolitan outlook, economic motivation, extension
contact and social participation of the respondents with adoption of garlic
production technology. Whereas, non-significant association was found in annual
income of respondents with adoption of garlic production technology.
9. The findings indicated that development of multi-chamber cold storage units in
cluster of villages, establishment of rural knowledge centre/information kiosks,
establishment of good marketing network in nearby village, popularization of
contract farming for garlic cultivation, regular updating to agriculture supervisors
about latest garlic cultivation technology, well equipped Kisan Seva Kendra
should be developed were positively viewed by large, small and marginal farmers
as future possibilities for promotion of garlic production technology.
Description
Analysis of Problems and Prospects of Garlic Cultivation in Kota Region of Rajasthan
Keywords
Citation
Rathore K.P.S And Sharma F.L.