DIETARY INCORPORATION OF COOKED BARLEY AND SPENT GRAPES AS ENERGY SOURCE IN LARGE WHITE YORKSHIRE SOWS
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Date
2018
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES-MANNUTHY,THRISSUR
Abstract
An experiment was carried out for a period of 63 days in Large White
Yorkshire pregnant sows belonging to Centre for Pig Production and Research,
Mannuthy to assess the effect of dietary incorporation of cooked barley and spent
grapes as energy source. Fifteen Large White Yorkshire sows with an average
body weight of 180.53 kg, three weeks prior to the estimated date of farrowing
were divided into three groups of five each and randomly allotted to three dietary
treatments, T1 (18 per cent CP and 3265 kcal/kg ME as per NRC, 2012), T2
(Ration containing cooked barley replacing 25 per cent maize in control ration),
T3 (Ration containing spent grapes replacing 25 per cent maize in control ration),
using completely randomized design. All the diets were made isocaloric and
isonitrogenous. Data on daily dry matter intake, litter performance, body weight at
fortnightly intervals of sows and piglets, total body weight gain, average daily
gain, feed conversion efficiency of piglets, chemical composition of feed and
faeces, digestibility of nutrients, mineral availability were used for evaluation of
work. Cost of feed per kg body weight gain of piglets was also estimated.
Average daily gain and total weight gain were 179.13 g, 161.92 g, 176.66
g and 7.52 kg, 6.80 kg, 7.42 kg, respectively for piglets fed T1, T2 and T3 ration
and the values were similar. Average final body weight and total dry matter intake
of piglets was 8.87, 8.25, 8.88 kg and 25.88, 25.24, 26.67 kg, respectively for T1,
T2 and T3. The results of the study indicated that the piglets under dietary
treatments T1, T2 and T3 showed similar growth performance with regards to
average final body weight, total body weight gain, average daily weight gain and
total dry matter intake during overall period. Feed conversion efficiency for
piglets fed T1, T2 and T3 was 3.44, 3.73 and 3.77, respectively. Piglets showed
no significant difference in feed conversion efficiency among the dietary
treatments.
The per cent digestibility of nutrients was 85.84, 85.19 and 85.93 for DM ,
85.49, 83.30 and 84.60 for CP, 56.35, 54.29 and 57.10 for CF, 57.67, 55.56 and
59.47 for EE and 90.72, 90.73 and 90.31 for NFE, respectively for rations T1 , T2
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and T3. Dietary treatments T1 and T3 showed higher apparent digestibility of dry
matter, crude protein, ether extract and crude fibre than T2 ration. The per cent
availability of calcium and phosphorus was 59.04, 57.60, 58.19 and 58.08, 54.33,
56.26 respectively for rations T1, T2 and T3. Higher mineral availability was
observed in rations T1 and T3 than the T2.
But no differences were observed among animals of dietary groups on
body weight, feed intake, litter size and weight at birth, litter size and weight at
weaning of piglets and apparent digestibility of nitrogen free extract and
availability of magnesium of sows. Cost of feed per kg body weight gain of
piglets retained on three dietary treatments were Rs. 94.25, 82.26 and 84.69
respectively. In economic point of view, there was no significant difference
among the dietary treatments in terms of cost of feed per kg weight gain. But cost
of feed per kg weight gain was lower in animals fed T2 and T3 than the control
(T1), though not significant statistically. Hence it can concluded that cooked
barley and spent grapes can be included effectively in sow ration without affecting
litter performance and litter growth, replacing the energy source maize with a
lesser cost of feed per kg body weight gain though not significant.
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