CLINICAL INVESTIGATION ON PIGLET ENTERITIS
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Date
2012
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES-MANNUTHY,THRISSUR
Abstract
The study on piglet enteritis was conducted in the Dept. of Clinical Veterinary
Medicine, COVAS, Mannuthy. Gastroenteritis is a leading cause of mortality and
morbidity in piglets. Numbers of factors were involved in preweaning diarrhoea in
piglets. A comprehensive study was performed to examine the occurrence, etiology,
drug sensitivity, and line of treatment adopted in piglet enteritis in and around in
Thrissur district.
Samples were taken from piglets with diarrhea. Rectal swabs were collected
from live diarrhoeic piglets and intestinal content, piece of intestine, and liver were
collected from four post mortem cases. Blood samples were collected from the jugular
vein and subjected to haemogram. Severity of the diarrhea was estimated using faecal
score from 0 to 4. Faecal samples were subjected to microscopical examination for
detection of parasites
Most of the cases were reported in the months of January (38), followed by
February (33), December (29), March (21) and November (17). 63.12% of the enteritis
cases were found within 10 days after birth.
Microscopical examination of faecal samples, revealed no ova of any parasites
.Isolation of causative bacteria was made by culturing of faecal samples on brain heart
infusion agar, Mac Conkey agar, Mannitol salt agar, blood agar, brucella agar, and
cooked meat medium. Out 141 isolates 113 were E.coli isolates, 20 were Salmonella
and 8 were of Pseudomonas. 113 isolates of E.coli obtained from concentrate feeding
farms. All the 20 isolates of Salmonella isolated from swill feeding farms. Four
isolates of Pseudomonas obtained from concentrate feeding farms and rest four from
swill feeding farms Hematological examination of diseased piglets revealed
neutrophilia, eosinophilia and lymphopenia. VPRC of the piglets were moderately high
when compared with normal value. Fecal score 2 is found in 63 cases of diarrheic
cases followed by fecal score of 3 found in 55 cases. E.coli isolates were highly
sensitive to chloramphenicol, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. Salmonella isolates were
sensitive to amoxicillin, chloramphenicol and gentamicin. In the case of Pseudomonas
all the 8 isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol and gentamicin. On in vivo mice
pathogenic test all the randomly selected eight E.coli isolates showed high
pathogenecity. E.coli infection (43%) was successfully treated with ciprofloxacin
followed by 25% with enrofloxacin, 22% with chloramphenicol and 10 % with
gentamicin. In Salmonella infection 80% of cases were successfully treated with
chloramphenicol and 20% with amoxicillin. Pseudomonas infection was successfully
treated with ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol. 10 cases of E.coli enteritis were
effectively treated with probiotic milk (Lactobacillus acidophilus).All the 10 piglets
showed good response to probiotic milk with an average of 3.3 days for clinical
response.
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