SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF SOYBEAN GROWERS WITH REFERNCE TO COST OF CULTIVATION AND INCOME IN RAJNANDGAON DISTRICT OF CHHATTISGARH
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Date
2020
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur
Abstract
This study, “Socio-economic Analysis of Soybean Growers with Reference to Cost of Cultivation and Income in Chhattisgarh District of Rajnandgaon” was conducted during 2017-18. Out of the nine blocks of Rajnandgaon Districts, four blocks namely Rajnandgaon, Dongargarh, Khairagarh, Chhuikhadan were specifically selected for the study. Three villages were similarly selected from each selected district. In this way a total of 12 villages were selected (Khapri, Singpur, Bannara, paragaon, Dundera, Dhara, Rahud, Badhaitola, Pawantara, Chhuikhadan, Gopalpur, Mainhar).Ten soybean growers were randomly selected from each village they selected A total of 120 soybean growers were selected as respondents for the present study. The data were collected individually via pre-tested schedule of interviews, and the data collected were tabulated and analyzed using appropriate statistical tools and methods.
In this study it was concluded that most of the respondents belonged to the 46-60-year-old group, belonged to the Other Backward Class and had a primary education level. Most of the respondents had in their household up to 6 to 8 members and participating in more than two organizations. In soybean cultivation, the majority of respondents had up to 11 to 20 years of farming experience. All respondents were engaged in agriculture as their main occupation and medium-sized land holdings (2.1 to 4.0 ha). About 40.83 per cent of respondents had their income in the range of Rs. 50000 to 100000.
Cent per cent respondents used mobile phone and cycle/motorcycle and used bullock as a farm power. About (88.14%) of the respondents had acquired credit for agriculture purpose from cooperative bank through KCC. Most of the respondents were found to have a medium level of risk orientation and majority of the respondents (81.67%) were obtained information about recommended practices of soybean production technology from progressive farmers. about half of the respondents were utilizing 4 to 5 sources of information.
The findings regarding cropping intensity indicate that majority (66.67%) of the respondents had (101-200%) cropping intensity and average cropping intensity of the respondents was found to be 189.73 per cent. Maximum cultivated varieties were JS-9305 and JS-9560 in soybean. Majority of the respondents were by using seed drill tractor and bullock for sowing method and maximum respondents had availability for irrigation and most respondents using canal to irrigate their fields. On an average cost of cultivation per hectare of soybean were calculated Rs. 26938.26 and net income 20461.74 ha-1, benefit cost ratio of soybean crop came to 1:1.76 on the sample farms.
The findings reveal that 53.33 per cent of respondents in the higher percentage fall under the middle class. Approximately (40.00%) of respondents belonged to the upper middle class, followed by (3.33%) in the upper class, only (3.33%) belonged to the lower middle class, it clearly indicates that the socio-economic status of most of respondents are towards upper side.
The data also show that out of all eighteen characteristics, education, size of family, annual family income, farm power, material possession, occupation, land holding was found to be a positive and highly significantly correlated with the socio-economic status at a probability level of 0.01 per cent. Although, caste and social participation were positive and significantly correlated with socio-economic status at a probability level of 0.05 per cent. The other variables are different. Age, variety of soybean, establishment method of soybean, credit acquisition, experience of soybean cultivation, cropping intensity, source of information and risk orientation had no statistically significant correlation with socio-economic status of soybean growers
In case of B:C ratio, five variables viz. land holding, establishment method of soybean, farm power, credit acquisition and risk orientation were found to be positive and significantly correlated with cost benefit ratio of soybean crop.
In multiple regression analysis, out of 18 independent variables, 9 variables viz. education, caste, size of family, land holding, occupation, farm power, material possession and social participation had positive and significant contributed to the socio-economic status of soybean growers.
In case of multiple regression analysis, out of eighteen independent variables, four variables viz. land holding, establishment method of soybean, credit acquisition and source of information had positive and significant contributed towards benefit cost ratio of soybean crop.
As regards to problems faced by the respondents, majority reported about, non-availability of agricultural input (seed, fertilizers etc.) in proper time, lack of marketing facilities, storage facilities, lack of information during sowing, bacterial leaf spot disease, girdle beetles insect was the major problem for soybean crops, shortage of labors and high wage rates during sowing and harvesting time, high input cost (seed, fertilizers etc.), lack of training about package of practices of soybean cultivation, lack of availability of good seed and lack of knowledge about application of pesticides and herbicides.
As for the suggestions from the respondents to solve soybean cultivation problems, the majority of the respondents suggested that the minimum support price for soybean should be increased, extension officer should be given information in proper time about package of practices, storage and grading facilities should be made available for their produce, subsidies for fertilizer and improved seed should be increased, credit easily available should be National Banks and Cooperative bank to carry out the different farm operations on proper time, demonstration of soybean crops should be conducted at village level, farmers visit should be organized for soybean growers, training should be conducted during sowing time and farm machinery and implements should be easily available on rent basis were the key recommendations for improving soybean cultivation which has suggested by the respondents.
Description
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF SOYBEAN
GROWERS WITH REFERNCE TO COST OF
CULTIVATION AND INCOME IN RAJNANDGAON
DISTRICT OF CHHATTISGARH
Keywords
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