Physiological Responses of Tomato Cultivars (solanum lycopersicum l.) Grown Under Different Protected Conditions
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Date
2016-06
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University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad
Abstract
An experiment was conducted at Hi-Tech Horticultural Unit, Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during rabi, 2015-16 to study physiological responses of tomato cultivars (Solanum lycopersicum L.) grown under three different protected conditions viz., polyhouse, shade house with 35 and 50 per cent shade net and three tomato hybrids viz., STH-801, STH-510 and STH-39.
The morphological parameters viz., plant height (245.56 cm) and inter-nodal length (11.96 cm) were recorded significantly higher in shade house with 50 per cent shade net, whereas the lowest values were recorded in polyhouse. Contrarily, the physiological parameters viz., light transmission ratio (36.54 %), canopy temperature (35.16 °C), specific leaf weight (8.96 mg cm-2), SPAD value (57.20) and gas exchange characteristics viz., photosynthetic rate (20.59 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1), stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were found significantly higher in polyhouse.
The phenological attributes like days to first flowering (33.89 days) and days to 50 per cent flowering (42.92 days) were significantly less in polyhouse. The yield attributes like number of fruits per plant (35.87) and average fruit weight (83.25 g) were significantly higher in polyhouse which resulted in higher yield (97.02 t ha-1) while the lowest yield was recorded in shade house with 50 per cent shade net.
The biochemical parameters viz., titrable acidity (0.48 %), ascorbic acid content (23.27 mg 100 g-1 of fresh weight) and shelf life (23.56 days) of the tomato fruits were significantly higher in polyhouse. However, significantly higher lycopene content (7.73 mg 100 g-1 of fresh weight) and pericarp thickness were noticed in shade house with 50 per cent shade net.
Among the hybrids studied STH-801 was found superior over the other hybrids in terms of photosynthetic rate (21.78 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1), stomatal conductance (0.302 m mol of CO2 m-2 s-1); biochemical parameters viz., ascorbic acid content and lycopene content (7.90 mg 100 g-1 of fresh weight) and yield attributes.
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