SEASONAL INCIDENCE AND PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT GERMPLASM AGAINST MAJOR INSECT PESTS ON CHILLI AND EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT MODULES
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Date
2020
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur
Abstract
The results of the experiments conducted under field conditions “on seasonal incidence.and” performance of different ‘germplasm‘against)major’(insect pests). on chilli’ and evaluation of different management modules and safety to non- target organisms. The present investigations were conducted during Rabi 2016-17 and 20 17-18 at Horticulture Farm, IGKV, Raipur, (C.G.).
:“The (infestation’ of) thrips, Scirtothripsdorsalis(Hood) was initiated in the”:first week of February (6thSMW) and second week of February (7th SMW) remained continue up to second week of June (24thSMW) and fourth week of April (18th SMW) during Rabithe year of 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively.“(The (data (on correlation between) meteorological (factors) and
thrips (population revealed)(that (the population exhibited) a (significant) positive)correlation (with.maximum((temperature) while the, (correlation was negatively)).non - significant with evening (relative”“humidityand”average)“rainfall during Rabi both the”years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis.
“The whitefly, Bemisiatabaci (Genn.) appeared in the” first week” of February (6thstandard “meteorological week”), and first week of March (10th SMW) continued up to fourth week of May (22thSMW) and second week of June (24th SMW) during Rabi the year of 2016-17 and 2017 – 18, respectively.”(The (population(increased gradually)) and touched its peak)’ in”,“second week of May (11thSMW) andfourth week of March (13thSMW)during Rabithe year of 2016-17 and 2017-18,”respectively. The population of”, whitefly exhibited significant ((positive (correlation with,))“maximum temperature, minimum temperature, sunshine, wind velocity”(and evaporation“whereas) negative, and non significant, correlation with rainfall, (‘(morning.and(evening relative humidity)) and “minimum temperature during Rabi both the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis.
The population of aphidnymphal and adult population was first spotted during second week of April (15th SMW) and second,“weekof March”(11th SMW) to ((second) week of June) (24th SMW) and third “week of June” (25th SMW) and it was continued to increase “and reached its peak third week of May (21th SMW)” and fourth week of May (22th SMW) during Rabithe year of 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively.“The(aphid population showed)“positively significant, correlation with” “the(maximum) temperature, minimum) temperature,) morning relative) humidity, “evaporation, windvelocity”andbright “sunshine hours and, negatively”significant”effect”‘with"“evening) relative) humidity) and rainfall during Rabiboth the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis.
The mites population first appeared during“third.week of February”(8th SMW)“and first /week of March” (10th SMW) and it was gradually increased and attained peak during third week of April (16th SMW) and fortnight week April of (18th SMW) during Rabithe year of 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively. “The .data regardingthe correlation between mitepopulation”with weather parameters in chilli crop showed that mite population correlated significantly and “positively with .the maximum temperature, minimum temperature and wind velocity,”“evaporation bright sunshine hours and negatively non - significant with morning ‘
(relative“'(humidity) and evening) relative)’humidity”duringRabiboth the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis.
The fruit borer was first observed during second week of April (15thSMW) and third week of April (16th SMW) during Rabi the year of 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively. Thereafter“the‘population)”gradually) increased) and attained)“its peak during first week of” May (19th SMW) during Rabi both years“The data regarding the correlation between fruit borer population with weather”“parameters in chilli showed that Fruit borer population correlated significantly and positively”“with the maximum temperature, minimum temperature and windvelocity, evaporation bright”"sunshine hours and .negatively non- significant with morning relative humidity and evening” relative humidity during Rabiboth the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis.
During Rabi2016-17, the“population of ladybird” beetles was noticed first “in second week”of February (7th SMW) and occurred till harvesting of crop second week of third week of June (25th SMW). The peak activity was observed during second week of May (20thSMW).“During Rabi 2017-18, .ladybird beetle”“appeared with intensity of”second week of February (7th SMW) andincreased gradually attaining peak in fourth week of April (18thSMW).“The correlation between ladybird beetles was positively significant. (The negatively ‘significant) correlation) was recorded) ‘with,. ‘minimum) temperature, morning)). relative humidity; (evening) relative humidity), Rainfall and”/”wind velocity, while positively significant correlation (with (bright sunshine)) hours. Rests of the”parameters were negatively non-significant except bright sunshine hours which exhibited” positively non-significant correlation.”
During Rabi2016-17, the population of spiders was noticed first in second week of February 7th SMW and occurred till harvesting of crop and“thepeak”activity””was observed during fourth week of” April (18th SMW). During Rabi2017-18, spiders appeared with intensity of first ‘week) of”February)) and’ increased gradually attaining peak in fourth week of.April (17th SMW).The“spiderpopulation.showed positively significant correlation.with the maximum temperature,”“minimum temperature, evaporation, windvelocity and bright sunshine hours,whilethe”“negatively significant correlation .with morning relative humidity, .evening relative humidity”“andrainfallduringRabi both the years”(2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis.
During Rabi 2016-17, the population of staphyllinid (Rove beetle) was noticed first in second week of February (7th SMW) and occurred till harvesting of crop and the peak activity ‘
(was”observed during fourth) week of’”April (18th SMW). During Rabi2017-18, staphyllinid (Rove beetle) appeared with intensity of” “third week of February and” increased gradually attaining“peak in of”third“week of March” (12th SMW).“During Rabi both years (2016-17 and 2017-18), thestaphyllinid”“population .showed non-significant and negative correlation .with rainfall and wind velocity.”“Maximum“temperature, .minimum temperature, morning relative ‘humidity, evening relative”“humidity, evaporation and bright sunshine hours” had positive but ((non-significant correlation))”“with staphyllinid population.As regard the pooled mean data, “maximum temperature,”“'minimum”(temperature, evaporation, .bright sunshine hours,
(velocity”hadpositive”“correlation) significant and negative correlation rainfall and morning relative humidity, evening”‘relative humidity).(significant) with the incidence) of staphyllinid.’
Among the varieties, significantly lowest population of thrips was observed on 2016/CHIVAR – 3 (2.28, 2.06 and 2.17thrips/three leaves/plant) and highest density of thrips population was recorded in 2016/CHIVAR – 8 (5.84, 7.11 and6.48 thrips/three leaves/plant) during Rabiboth the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis. In case of whitefly lowest population was observed on 2014/CHIVAR – 4 (2.48, 3.28 and 2.88 whitefly/three leaves/plant) and highest whitefly population was observed under 2016/CHIVAR – 5 (6.16, 6.42 and 6.29 whitefly/three leaves/plant).As regards aphid, population of aphid in different chilli varieties indicated that 2014/CHIVAR – 8 most promising with minimum incidence while 2014/CHIVAR - 4 variety harbored highest number of aphid during Rabiboth the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis. The significantly lowest population of yellow mite was noticed under 2014/CHIVAR – 4 (2.44, 3.52 and 2.88 yellow mite/ three leaves/plant) and maximum population was recorded under 2016/CHIVAR – 5 (6.88, 8.40 and 7.64 yellow mite/ three leaves/plant)during Rabiboth the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis. In case of fruit borer lowest population was observed under 2014/CHIVAR – 8 (0.62, 1.52 and 1.07 fruit borer larvae/plant) and highest fruit borer population was observed in 2016/CHIVAR – 5 (2.46, 3.10 and 2.78 fruit borer larvae/plant)during Rabi both the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis.
The significantly lowest thrips(1.24, 1.09 and 1.17 thrips/leaves/plant), whitefly (1.18, 1.86 and 1.52 whitefly/leaves/plant), aphid (1.83,136 and 1.59 aphid/leaves/plant), mite(0.83, 1.31 and 1.07 mite/leaves/plant) and fruit borer population (0.53, 0.33 and 0.40 fruit borer larvae/plant)were recorded in Bio - intensive module (M1) and the significantly highestthrips (7.48, 5.61 and 6.55thrips/leaves/plant), whitefly (5.97, 6.56 and 5.97 whitefly/leaves/plant), aphid (7.37, 5.58 and 7.37 aphid/leaves/plant), mite(5.10, 5.70 and 5.40 mite/leaves/plant), and fruit borer population (2.47, 3.53 and 3.00 fruit borer larvae/plant)were recorded under untreated control (M4) during Rabiboth the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis.
The highest population of ladybird beetle (5.10 3.70 and 4.40 beetle/plant) and spider (3.11, 3.93 and 3.52 spider/plant) were recorded under untreated control (M4) and lowest population of ladybird beetle (1.12, 0.70 and 0.91 beetle/plant)and spider (1.66, 1.93 and 1.80 spider/plant) were recorded under chemical control (M3)during Rabiboth the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis.
Green chillicrop yield in different modulewere significantly superior over control during Rabiboth years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis. Significantly highest yield (118, 110 and 114 q/ha) was obtained in bio – intensive module whereas significantly lowest green chillicrop yield was recorded in control (70, 62 and 66 q/ha) during Rabi both the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis.
Observation recorded at 1st and 2nd spray during Rabiboth the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis, significantly low population of thrips (2.58, 2.16 and 2.18 thrips/three leaves/plant), whitefly (1.11, 1.10 and 1.08 whitefly/three leaves/plant), aphid (1.12, 1.55 and 1.33 aphid/three leaves/plant), mite(2.52, 2.77 and 2.64 mite /three leaves/plant) and fruit borer (0.33, 2.77 and 1.55 fruit borer larvae/plant) were “recorded in the plots treated with” (T4) BAS 306 02 I 240 SC@ 288 g a.i. /ha and maximum “population of thrips, whiteflies,, aphid, mite and fruit borer,"wererecorded” in the untreated control plot during Rabiboth the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis.
During Rabiboth the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis, the results indicated that the population of coccinellid(0.18, 0.19 and 0.18 coccinellid beetle/plant) and staphyllinid beetle (0.60, 0.56 and 0.59 staphyllinid beetle/plant)were significantly lower population of beetle in the plot treated with (T4) BAS 306 02 I 240 SC @ 288 g a.i./ha and maximum population of coccinellid beetle (0.35, 0.30 and 0.32coccinellidbeetle/plant) and staphyllinid beetle (0.94, 0.95 and 0.95staphyllinid beetle/plant)were recorded in the untreated control plot.
The insecticide treated plots with (T4) BAS 306 02 I 240 SC @ 288 g a.i./ha recorded significantly higher green chilli yield crop ( 105.10, 107.12 and 106.11 q/ha) as compared to other treatments and minimum green chilli yield crop (79.10, 76.89 and 78.00 q/ha)was recorded under untreated control during Rabi both the years (2016-17 and 2017-18) and pooled mean basis.
It is revealed that maximum incremental cost benefit ratio to the tune of 1:10.06, 1:16.16 and 1:13.36 with lowest net realisation Rs. 160080, Rs. 310768 and Rs. 197230 was obtained by the bio – intensive module and the highest incrementalcost benefit ratio was obtained by chemical control (1:7.53, 1:8.91 and 1:7.33) with net returns of Rs. 215534, Rs. 267020 and Rs. 265151 during Rabi both the years (2016 – 17 and 2017 – 18) and pooled mean basis.
Description
SEASONAL INCIDENCE AND PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT GERMPLASM AGAINST MAJOR INSECT PESTS ON CHILLI AND EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT MODULES
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