GENETIC VARIABILITY AND DIVERGENCE STUDIES IN ADVANCED BREEDING LINES FOR MORPHOLOGICAL, YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTING TRAITS AND SCREENING FOR MAJOR DISEASES OF SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.)
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Date
2016-06-30
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, RAICHUR
Abstract
One hundred advanced breeding lines of sesame (67 advanced mutant lines, 12 RIL’s, 7 varieties, 5 checks, 4 collections, 3 parents and 2 land races) were evaluated in 10 × 10 Simple Lattice Design with two replications to find out the extent of genetic variability, divergence for yield and yield attributing traits and their association with seed yield. Field screening against powdery mildew, Alternaria and phyllody was undertaken, further, 26 lines were screened for powdery mildew resistance under epiphytotic condition by spraying inoculums of Erysiphe cichoracearum. Wide range of variability and high heritability was recorded for 7 traits. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height and distance from ground to first capsule indicate that these traits are controlled by additive genes and phenotypic selection would be effective. Distance from ground to first capsule was the single character that can be considered for selection owe to highest contribution (≈ 55 %) towards total divergence. Highly significant positive correlation was recorded by number of seeds/capsule, number of capsules/plant, number of branches/plant, capsule length, capsule weight and test weight at both genotypic and phenotypic levels with seed yield. Number of seeds/capsule and number of capsules/plant have had direct effect, while capsule weight had negative direct effect on seed yield. Capsule weight had indirect negative effect through most traits. None of the entries were resistant to powdery mildew and Alternaria under natural infection. For phyllody, 33 were immune and 8 were resistance. Among 100 advanced breeding lines, LR, IISL-4 showed less disease incidence for all three diseases and 30 KRDS-1 (Alternaria resistant) is promising.
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