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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Identification of Rice Genotypes for Submergence and Yield Attributing Traits
    (International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2020) Dixit, Saurabh
    Altogether 334 rice lines alongwith8 global check varieties were tested for submergence survival and yield performance at Crop Research Station, Masodha, Ayodhya. These lines and check varieties, namely IR 64-Sub 1, Swarna-sub 1, Sambha Mahsuri-Sub 1,. Ciherang-Sub1, TDK1, Ciherang, RC18, SambhaMahsuri and 3 local check viz. Swarna, MTU 1010 and Sahabagidhan were laid out in augmented design with 10 blocks. For survival testing in submergence, the experiment was conducted in the submergence pool and for yield performance (optimal condition), the experiments was conducted in the irrigation field. Each entry was direct sown in two rows of 3 meter length and after 25 days of sowing complete submergence of one meter water depth was imposed for 20 days. Data recorded for submergence survival as no. of plant counted before and after submergence. In yield performance experiments observation recorded on days to 50% flowering, plant height, Ebt/m2, total biomass, harvest index and yield kg/ha.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    A Physiological Approach: Nitrogen Management and Sub-1 Rice Varieties Grown in Flood Prone Ecosystem
    (International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2020) Pandey, Anand Kumar
    Farmers in flood prone areas mostly use only urea without any solid recommendations. Possibilities of recurrent flooding/submergence during the season are one of reasons for avoiding nutrient application, through it has a strong bearing on regeneration growth and yield of rice varieties after floods, hence suitable nutrient management strategies are essential to enhance the productivity. However, higher dose of N (60 Kg ha-1 as basal) showed positive response on plant growth during submergence but higher elongation caused plant mortality during post oxidative phase. Meanwhile, popular package and practices among flood prone farmers, addition of Zero Kg N before submergence to minimized risk was not justified. So far, higher N applied as basal showed negative effect on survival during post submergence. Plants grown without N fertilizer before submergence showed 12-23% plant mortality in both Sub-1 rice varieties during post oxidative phase even though submerged field was substituted with higher dose of N @60 kg ha-1 at 5th days after desubmergence, mainly due to energy starvation during submergence. After de-submergence frequent addition of split doses of N might be helpful to meet out the demand of submerged plants for faster recovery.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Foliar spray of salicylic acid and oxalic acid ameolirates temperature (Heat) stress on wheat at anthesis stage
    (International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2020) Pandey, Anand Kumar
    This study endeavors to quantitatively cognize the impact of changes in physiological mechanism due to climate change on wheat at vegetative stage and reproductive stage of crop. This experiment was conducted and evaluated for wheat crop using two chemicals salicylic acid and oxalic acid and meteorological data from a field site at Students Instructional Farm of the Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad (U.P.) during Rabiseasons of 2015-16 and 2016-17. This experiment was planned under FRBD (Factorial Randomized Block Design) with three replications and two date of sowing viz; 25th November and 25th December with two varieties NW-5054 and NW-2036.Results indicated that physiological traits were adversely affected by time of sowing due to onset of high temperature during crop growth and particularly grain filling. All the treatments reduced the detrimental effect of heat stress on both the varieties by improving physiological traits which ultimately helped in obtaining higher yield.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Effect salinity on germination percentage (%) and seed vigour index of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2020) Singh, Ankit
    Present investigation was conducted during Kharif 2017-18 in laboratory, at experimental study Department of Crop Physiology, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and technology, Kumarganj Faizabad (U.P.). Soil salinity has become a severe threat to ensure food security, salinity-imposed limitations on plant growth. At the present, salinity level stimulates many of the metabolic processes involved in phases (2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th and 10th day) of germination, resulting in an improved performance of germination and higher. Experiment was laid out in complete randomized design (CRD) with three replication on six genotypes of rice crop i.e. tolerant- CSR-36, CSR-43, Usar Dhan-3 and Susceptible- Swarna Sub-1, IR-28, Pusa-44. Present investigation was carried to study the effect of salinity with 0, 50 and 100 mM concentration of NaCl on germination. The exposure of rice varieties to increasing concentration of NaCl had significantly increased germination (%), seed vigour index. It is evident from the result that concentration with NaCl significantly improved the germination and enzymatic activities of rice genotypes. The concentration are effective in increasing the germination percent, Seed vigour index, radicle length, plumule length, and enzymatic activities like α- amylase, catalase and carbohydrates biochemical parameters like proline accumulation, in all varieties under normal as well as under laboratory condition. The concentration with NaCl 0, 50 and 100 mM influences the germination and biochemical changes under normal as well as under anaerobic condition and might be useful in mitigating the adverse effect of laboratory condition or helpful in increasing the yield and yield attributes in all the varieties. Thus, it may be recommended that salinity level with concentration (0, 50 and 100 mM) of NaCl is the most desirable for mitigating the adverse effect of salinity.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Induction of seed dormancy by foliar spray of growth inhibitors in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2019) Singh, Shraddha
    A field experiment was conducted during Kharif season, 2017-2018 at the experimental field of Department of Crop Physiology, ANDUA&T, Ayodhya to study the effect of foliar spray of growth inhibitors by different concentration viz. Maleic Hydrazide (500ppm and 1000ppm) and Cycocel (500ppm and 1000ppm) along with untreated control to induce dormancy in rice (Oryza sativa L.). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design comprising nine treatments at two stages (viz. flowering stage and anthesis stage) in three replications. Observations had been studied in vivo on germination percentage, viability test and biochemical parameters viz. chlorophyll, starch, protein and α-amylase activity. Among all the concentrations, maximum chlorophyll content was recorded in MH@1000ppm was followed by cycocel@500ppm before anthesis stage, maximum protein and starch content was found in cycocel@500ppm before flowering stage but maximum inhibition of germination percentage and α-amylase activity was observed with cycocel@1000ppm before anthesis stage but cycocel @ 500ppm was found most appropriate before anthesis stage which was very much effective for safe induction of seed dormancy in rice because of its minimum viability loss. Loss in viability may be due to some toxic effect caused by high concentration of cycocel.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Impact of excess application of growth inhibitor for initiation of seed dormancy in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2019) Singh, Shraddha
    A field experiment to induce dormancy in rice (Oryza sativa L.) was conducted during Kharif season, 2017-2018 at the experimental field of Department of Crop Physiology, ANDUA&T, Ayodhya to study the effect of foliar feeding with growth inhibitors by different concentration viz. Maleic Hydrazide (500ppm and 1000ppm) and Cycocel (500ppm and 1000ppm) along with untreated control. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design comprising nine treatments at two stages (viz. flowering stage and anthesis stage) in three replications. Observations had been studied in vivo on germination percentage, viability test. Yield characters i.e., number of tillers per plant, ear bearing tillers per plant and biomass per plant, number of seeds per panicle, grain yield per plant and harvest index. Among all the concentrations, maximum number of tillers per plant, ear bearing tillers per plant and number of seeds per panicle was recorded in MH@1000ppm, grain yield per plant and biomass per plant MH@500ppm, harvest index was found maximum in cycocel @500ppm followed by MH@1000ppm where as maximum inhibition of germination was observed with cycocel@1000ppm followed by MH @1000ppm and cycocel @500ppm but cycocel @ 500ppm was found most appropriate and was very much effective for safe induction of seed dormancy in rice because of its minimum viability loss. Loss in viability was may be due to some toxic effect caused by high concentration of MH and cycocel.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    HETEROSIS BREEDING IN RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) FOR QUANTITATIVE TRAITS
    (Plant Archives, 2019) Singh, N.K.
    The magnitude as well as direction of heterosis over better parent and standard variety differed from character to character depending upon cross combinations. The manifestation of heterosis for grain yield plant-1 is evident by significant superiority of hybrids over better parent ranging from -54.69 to 139.43 per cent and over standard variety ranging from 60.35 to 22.64 per cent. In general, the crosses which displayed superiority over better parent and standard variety for grain yield also exhibited significant heterosis for some yield contributing traits. Besides, exhibiting exploitable level of hybrid vigour for yield, most of these hybrids except few also showed heterosis for earliness closer to the standard variety. Therefore, these hybrids are useful as they produced more yield day-1 in comparison to standard variety and may fit well in multiple cropping systems. Most of the hybrids possessed higher number of seed set than pollen parent and standard variety but percentage was low due to hybrid sterility as one of the parent used as CMS line. So far heterosis over standard variety was concerned, 50% hybrids showed significant superiority for harvest index, ear bearing tillers plant-1, 1000 grain weight, biological yield whereas only 40% hybrids were observed better for days to 50% flowering and days to maturity
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    ESTIMATES OF GENETIC PARAMETERS, COMPONENTS OF VARIANCE AND THEIR MAGNITUDE IN RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)
    (Plant Archives, 2019) Singh, N.K.
    The relative contribution of males x females was higher than that of males and females for the expression of all the characters except total number of spikelets and number of fertile spikelets. Males exhibited maximum contribution for ear bearing tillers plant-1. In general, phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation for all the characters. Phenotypic and genotypic variations were lower for days to 50% flowering, plant height, days to maturity, ear bearing tillers plant-1 and total number of spikelets plant-1, indicating little opportunity of selection for these characters. Other characters showed more variation among phenotypic and genotypic values. Heritability in narrow sense (h2n) ranged from 5.18 for days to maturity to 20.27 for ear bearing tillers plant-1. Highest h2n estimate was recorded for ear bearing tillers plant-1. Moderate h2n estimates were observed for remaining traits except days to 50% flowering, biological yield, harvest index, plant height and days to maturity which, were of lesser order. Estimates of h2b were recorded high for all the characters except days to maturity.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Study of line x tester analysis, combining ability and per se performance in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2018) Singh, N.K.
    The analysis of variance for combining ability revealed significant differences due to lines and testers for all the characters indicating wide genetic diversity among lines and testers. The lines x testers’ interaction components also emerged significant for all the twelve traits which indicated that combining ability contributed more in the expression of these traits. Among the CMS lines, IR 58025A having ‘WA’ type of cytoplasm was found to be good general combiner for grain yield and its major components. The line, NDMS 4A was poor general combiner for grain yield and most of the components but showed better ability to combine for plant height and panicle length. Among restorer lines, CR 792-B4-2-1R was found good general combiner for grain yield and biological yield. Other good combiner was TTB 517-17-SBIR-70149-35R noticed for total number of spikelets panicle-1, number of fertile spikelets panicle-1 and number of sterile spikelets panicle-1. The higher magnitude of sca than gca variances and greater value of average degree of dominance and lower predictability ratio were observed for all the twelve characters except days to maturity, suggesting significant role of non-additive gene action for these traits which results from dominance /epistasis and various other interaction effects that are non-fixable.