Growth regulation of basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars in relation to nitrogen fertilization
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Date
2020
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present investigation entitled, “Growth regulation of basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars in relation to nitrogen fertilization” was carried out during kharif 2018 at the Students‟ Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana and Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Rupnagar. The soils of experimental fields were sandy loam in texture, normal in pH, low in nitrogen and OC content, medium in available phosphorus and potassium. The experiment was laid out in split-split plot design with three replications. The treatments comprised of two cultivars (Basmati 370 and CSR 30) in main plots; two levels of nitrogen (20 and 30 kg N ha-1) in sub plots and five growth regulation treatments applied 45 days after transplanting (control, lopping, mepiquat chloride @ 300, 400 and 500 ppm) in sub-sub plots. CSR 30 recorded more number of tillers m-2, leaf area index (LAI) and number of panicles m-2 by 6.9, 11.4 and 10.9 per cent, respectively, while, less plant height and lodging by 11.0 and 37.4 per cent, respectively, as compared to Basmati 370. On the other hand, number of filled grains per panicle, panicle length and panicle weight were more in Basmati 370 by 43, 21.5 and 31.0 per cent, respectively, than CSR 30. However, both the cultivars were statistically at par for grain yield, milling quality, protein content and net returns. Application of 150% of the recommended dose of nitrogen (30 kg N ha-1) increased the growth attributes viz. plant height, number of tillers, LAI and dry matter accumulation by 4.4, 5.5, 3.5 and 5.4 per cent, respectively, as compared to recommended dose (20 kg N ha-1) but did not significantly influence the yield and yield attributes. Growth regulation treatments of lopping, mepiquat chloride (300, 400 and 500 ppm) reduced lodging by 30 per cent, which resulted in an increase in grain yield by 8.9 per cent and also an increase in net returns over control.