DIVERSITY OF INSECT PESTS OF STORED GRAINS AND THEIR NATURAL ENEMIES IN HYDERABAD-KARNATAKA REGION

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Date
2016-05-30
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, RAICHUR
Abstract
Diversity of stored grain insect pests and their natural enemies was carried out during 2014-15 on different crop seeds stored in different districts of Hyderabad-Karnataka region. In addition nano form of Acorus calamus L. was tested against pulse bruchid, Callasobruchus analis L. in the laboratory of the Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Raichur. During the survey highest damage were recorded on pigeonpea and greengram from Kalaburagi collections whereas, in case of chickpea and blackgram highest damage was recorded from Koppal and Bidar, respectively. Paddy, sorghum and groundnut samples recorded highest damage in Raichur, Bidar and Yadgir districts, respectively. Storage insects like Callasobruchus maculatus, Sitophilus oryzae, Corcyra cephalonica, Cryptolestes pusillus, Tribolium castaneum and natural enemies Dinarmus basalis and Dinarmus sp. were reported from collected samples. DNA was amplified with minibar and COI primers successfully and bands were recorded approximately at 200 bp and 800 bp, respectively for the recorded insects. Diversity from the collected grain samples of three seasons from all the six districts of Hyderabad-Karnataka revealed that Callasobruchus analis, C. maculatus, C. chinensis, Caryedon serratus, Rhyzopertha dominica, T. castaneum, S. oryzae, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, C. pusillus, Sitotroga cereallela and C. cephalonica were the predominant store pests. The natural enemies viz., Dinarmus basalis, Dinarmus sp. D. vagabundus, Theocolax elegans, Uscana sp. and Cephalonomia tarsalis were the six hymenopteran parasitoids and a predator, pirate bug was dominant on stored grain insect pests. Eighteen species of insects were recorded from Kalaburagi district of which eight species of insects were recorded from sorghum. In stored groundnut C. serratus caused highest seed damage and weight loss followed by pigeonpea and sorghum. The particles of Acorus calamus were down sized to nanoparticle of size 76.35 nm and used at 2.50 per cent against C. analis management. LC50 value was found lowest (0.56) after 96 hours of treatment in sweet flag rhizome powder nanoparticles.
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