MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF GERMPLASM AND COMBINING ABILITY STUDIES IN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)
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Date
2011-07-30
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, RAICHUR
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out to characterize 225 germplasm lines for 22 characters as per UPOV guidelines and also to assess the combining ability, gene action and heterosis among the five CMS line and six selected germplasm lines as testers for 13 quantitative characters in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.).
Most of the germplasm lines possessed triangular leaf shape, acute angle (45-60º), medium petiole length (10-20 cm), dark green coloured leaves, medium serration of leaves, sparse leaf hairyness, dense stem hairyness, few number of leaves per plant (≤25), absence of indicator leaves on head, non pigmented petiole and stem, non branching, medium days to 50 per cent flowering (45-60 days), late days to flower completion (45-60 days), yellow pollen colour, medium plant height (100-150 cm), small head diameter (≤ 15 cm), medium days to maturity (85-100 days), black with stripes seed colour, medium seed yield per plant (20-30 g) and 100 seed weight (3-6 g) and low volume weight (≤30 g/100 ml). Lines CMS E002-92-2 and CMS-104B and tester EC-623015 exhibited significant gca effects for most of the characters studied and were found to be best combiner.
Thus it can conclude that no germplasm line is found to be good for all the characters. However this study revealed valuable information of different germplasm lines promising for different morphological characters. Such material could be useful as a base population to develop promising populations and lines in future. The best specific crosses for majority of the characters involved as the parents involved in these crosses had significant sca effects, the combining ability studies indicated the predominance of non-additive gene action operating for these traits, suggesting that these hybrids can be directly utilized for further evaluation
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