EFFECT OF BREWERY WASTE ON NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY OF PADDY STRAW BASED DIET IN LACTATING COWS
Loading...
Files
Date
2009
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES-MANNUTHY,THRISSUR
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted, one to assess the effect of brewery
waste on nutrient digestibility of paddy straw based diet in lactatiiig cows and the
other to study the in vitro disappearance, degradability and rumen fermentation
characteristics of various experimental feeds in Rumen Simulation Technique
(RUSITEC).
In animal study, eighteen early lactating cross bred cows within 20 days
of lactation were selected and grouped into three as uniform as possible with
regard to their age, body weight, parity, previous milk yield and stage of
lactation. They were randomly allotted to the three dietary treatments Tl, T2 and
T3. The control concentrate mixture and paddy straw formed the Tl ration. The
animals of T2 and T3 were fed with experimental concentrate mixture containing
25 per cent brewery waste (on DM basis) and paddy straw as roughage. In T2,
the brewery waste was fed separately on wet basis, while in T3, the brewery
waste to be incorporated in the concentrate mixture was treated with required
quantity of paddy straw, three days before feeding. A feeding trial was carried
out for a period of 60 days.
There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in body weight and average
daily dry matter intake (DMI) of experimental animals among the treatment
groups Tl, T2 and T3. The animals maintained on the three dietary treatments
Tl, T2 and T3 showed an average daily milk production of 8.03, 10.14 and 11.09
kg, respectively during the 60 day period of the experiment. The milk production
was significantly increased (P<0.05) from fourth week onwards in brewery waste
fed groups (T2 and T3) when compared with control (Tl). The cost of feed per
kg milk produced was lower in animals maintained on T2 and T3 rations (Rs.
7.89 and 8.37, respectively) than those fed control ration (Rs. 10.40).
The brewery waste feeding did not affect milk composition such as
percentage of total solids, milk fat, solids not fat (SNF) and milk protein and milk
urea nitrogen (MUN). The four per cent FCM yield and total yield of milk fat
and protein remained unaffected by brewery waste incorporation. Animals in all
the three groups showed similar blood parameters such as haemoglobin, plasma
glucose, plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) and plasma calcium and phosphorus. The MUN and PUN concentrations were significantly higher (PO.05) in T2 at 60th
day than that of Tl andT3.
There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in rumen fermentation
parameters, such as ruminal pH, NH3-N and TVFA concentration of the animals
fed three experimental diets Tl, T2 and T3. There was no significant difference
(P>0.05) in apparent digestibility of DM, OM, CP, EE, NFE, ADF, cellulose and
gross energy among the three treatment rations. Brewery waste fed groups (T2
and T3 ration) recorded significantly higher apparent digestibility of CF and NDF
(PO.05) and hemicellulose (P<0.01) than those fed control diet.
An in vitro experiment was conducted to study the disappearance,
degradability and rumen fermentation parameters such as pH, total gas
production, C02 production, NH3-N and TVFA and their fractions such as
acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, butyrate and valerate concentration of
experimental feeds incubated at different incubation periods in RUSITEC.
The following experimental feeds were incubated in the RUSITEC, 1)
control feed; 2) experimental feed (75%) + fresh brewery waste (25%)
(EFFBW); 3) experimental feed (75%) + dried brewery waste (25%) (EFDBW);
4) fresh brewery waste (FBW); 5) dried brewery waste (DBW); 6) paddy straw
(PS) and 7) brewery waste incorporated paddy straw (BWIPS).
Among the feeds experimented in RUSITEC, disappearance was more in
the control feed, EFFBW and EFDBW when compared to other experimental
feeds. Similarly, the disappearance was more in BWIPS compared to paddy
straw. The in vitro DM, CP, CF, NDF, ADF, hemicellulose and cellulose
disappearance rate at all incubation periods were higher for FBW than those for
DBW.
The control feed, EFFBW and EFDBW had higher V and 'Z>' fractions,
rate of degradation V and in vitro effective degradability of DM and CP than
other experimental feeds such as FBW, DBW, PS and BWIPS and paddy straw
showed the lowest. The BWIPS showed higher in vitro effective DM and CP
degradability compared to paddy straw. The FBW showed higher DM and CP
V and '6' fractions, rate of degradation V and effective degradability than
DBW.
A low in vitro DM and CP disappearance of 33.24 and 30.75 per cent,
respectively were recorded at 72 hours of incubation (effective DM and CP
degradability of 30.59 and 28.64 per cent, respectively), whereas the BWIPS had
improved in vitro DM and CP disappearance of 42.25 and 38.36 per cent,
respectively, at 72 hours of incubation (effective DM and CP degradability of
39.93 and 36.32 per cent, respectively).
The data on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics indicated that
during initial incubation periods (2, 6, 12 and 24 hours), the control feed,
EFFBW, EFDBW and FBW showed higher in vitro gas production than other
experimental feeds, whereas, during later incubation periods (48 and 72 hours),
DBW, paddy straw and BWIPS showed higher in vitro gas production than other
experimental feeds. Almost similar in vitro C02 production and pH were
recorded at all periods of incubation in seven experimental feeds incubated in
RUSITEC. The FBW showed the highest in vitro NH3-N production at all
incubation periods, followed by control feed and EFFBW. The paddy straw had
the lowest NH3-N production at all incubation periods compared to other
experimental feeds. However, the BWIPS showed slightly higher NH3-N
production at all incubation periods than paddy straw. The EFF0W and DBW
were intermediary NH3-N production at all periods of incubation compared to
other experimental feeds in RUSITEC.
The TVFA concentration was comparatively higher in control feed,
EFFBW and EFDBW at all periods of incubation than the rest of experimental
feeds. The FBW had higher TVFA concentration than DBW in later incubation
periods (12, 24, 48 and 72 hours). The EFFBW had higher TVFA concentration
during initial incubation periods (2, 6 and 12 hours) than DBW, whereas the
DBW had higher TVFA concentration during later incubation periods (24, 48 and
72 hours). During initial incubation periods (2, 6, 12 and 24 hours) all the
experimental feeds showed higher acetate concentration than later incubation
periods (48 and 72 hours). The EFDBW showed the highest acetate, propionate
and iso butyrate concentration (349.64, 266.54 and 90.63 mmol/1, respectively) at
24 hours of incubation, compared to other experimental feeds. The paddy straw
and BWIPS showed lower acetate and propionate concentration at all incubation
periods.
From the RUSITEC experiment, the effective CP degradability of paddy
straw, control concentrate mixture and experimental concentrate mixture
(containing 25 per cent brewery waste) were 28.64, 53.97 and 52.37 per cent,
respectively. The average daily RUP intake of the animals of three experimental
groups Tl, T2 and T3 calculated using the effective degradability values were
0.68, 0.71 and 0.72 kg, respectively and the values are higher than the NRC
(2001) recommended requirement of 0.50 kg RUP per day for early lactating
cows producing 15 kg of milk.
Inclusion of brewery waste at 25 per cent (DM basis) in concentrate mixture
in a paddy straw based diet resulted in significantly improved milk production as
well as digestibility of crude fibre, NDF and hemicellulose in medium yielding
cows in early lactation. The cost of feed per kg milk produced was reduced by 24
per cent by incorporation of brewery waste at 25 per cent level in concentrate
mixture (DM basis) in early lactating crossbred cows producing about 10 kg milk
per day.
Description
Keywords
null