Effect of Inclusion of Ghee Residues in the Goat Ration Substantiated by in Vivo Studies
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Date
2019-09-30
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MVC, Mumbai
Abstract
The study involve twenty four Osmanabadi male goat kids which were divided randomly into four equal groups viz., T0, T1, T2 and T3. Group-T0 served as control and received standard concentrate mixture. Treatment groups T1, T2 and T3 received concentrate mixture, in which protein moiety was replaced with dry ghee residue at 20, 40 and 60 % level, respectively. All the experimental goats received green para grass as a source of roughage. The trial lasted for seventeen fortnights. The average daily gain in weight of group T2 was significantly (P < 0.01) higher than control and T3 group. The absolute daily DM intake, percent DM intake, DM intake per unit metabolic body size, TDN and DCP intake of all experimental groups was comparable. The efficiency in terms of DM and TDN required per kg gain in weight of growing goats from group T2 was significantly (P < 0.01) better than control and T3 group, however, difference between T1 and T2 was statistically non significant. The average DCP required per kg gain in weight of group T2 was significantly (P < 0.01) better than other groups. The digestibility of all the nutrients was higher in T2 group than groups T0, T1 and T3 , except digestibility of CP and ADF which was higher in control group. The higher digestibility of all the nutrients in treatment group T2 was also reflected in significant higher TDN content of corresponding ration, however, DCP of control group was significantly higher than other experimental groups. The pH of rumen liquor and total protozoa count were comparable among all groups, however, rumen ammonia nitrogen, total volatile fatty acids, total nitrogen and TCA precipitable nitrogen were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in control group except non protein nitrogen which was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in treatment groups. The serum albumin, serum albumin globulin ratio, total cholesterol, triglycerides and blood urea nitrogen showed significant differences among groups, however, serum total protein and globulin were comparable. The rumen fermentation and blood biochemical parameter were within the normal range established for goat species. There was no significant effect of feed treatment on carcass weight, dressing and edible meat yield percentage, Longissimus dorsi muscles length and width at T4 and L6 and meat composition in terms of moisture, protein, fat and ash.
Feeding cost per kg gain in weight was economical for group T2 (Rs.97.84) followed by T1 (Rs. 112.31), T3 (Rs. 115.02) and control (Rs. 122.45) and indicated reduction of cost by 8.28, 20.09 and 6.06 % in groups T1, T2 and T3, respectively, over control group. From the results obtained under present study, it is concluded that replacing protein moiety of concentrate mixture with dry ghee residue @ 40% level is beneficial for improving the overall growth performance of growing goats in terms of weight gain, efficiency of feed utilization and increased digestibility of nutrients without adverse effect on carcass traits, rumen fermentation and blood biochemical profile and such inclusion of ghee residue is cost effective.
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