GROUND WATER USE IN KARNATAKA -AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
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Date
1999-08-30
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE
Abstract
Ground water is the important renewable natural resource for irrigation and domestic
purposes. However, its renewability depends on many factors. The present study was taken up
in karnataka state and main issues covered are the development and regionalisation in different
sources of water, utilization of ground water, formal efforts, behaviour of water table and
factors influencing it and investment required for commissioning borewell. The data were
collected from both primary and secondary sources. Growth rate, cluster, percentage and ratio,
regression, tabular and financial analysis were employed.
The results revealed the positive and significant growth with respect to ground water
and canal sources and decning trend in tank irrigation. The parameters like density of dugwells
and borewells, stage of development and shift in crops indicated the increased exploita
tion of ground water in the state. The increase in number of critical blocks from mere seven
during 1983 to 43 in 1994 also indicated the increasing burden on ground water resource. The
level of water table decline in 13 districts and in six district the upward trend was observed.
The semi-log funptional analysis revealed that rainfall, gross area irrigated by canals, area
under ground water irrigation, number of tanks, number of ground water structures and area
under forest as the important factoqjinfluencing the level of water table. Nalabund, checkdam
and vented dam had the beneficial effect on ground water in watershed areas of Raichur,
Daksina Kannada, Bellary and Belgaum district} The total investment required per borewell
worked out to Rs.45,2(X) in Khanapur(high rainfall ) and Rs.55,800 in Ranebennur(plain and
low rainfall) taluk. The cropping intensity on borewell forms was 271.45 per cent in Khanapur
and 238.50 per cent in Ra;iebennur taluk. The feasibility measures viz.,NPW,BCR,lRR and
PBP indicated the viability of investment on borewell in both the taluks.
Further, the study focussed the need for adhering to spacing norms, adoption of in
proved methods(drip, sprinkler) of irrigation and enhancing the recharge through watershed
development to ensure sustained availability of ground water
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