GENETICS OF FRUIT YIELD, YIELD COMPONENTS AND REACTION TO MAJOR BIOTIC STRESSES IN CHILLI (Capsicum annuum L.)
Loading...
Date
1997
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, DHARWAD
Abstract
An investigation on chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) was undertaken at Botany Garden, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during 1994-96 with two experiments viz., 42 F2s from 7x7 diallel to estimate combining abilities and residual heterosis (Expt. 1) and 75 diverse germplasm from Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Vietnam to work out variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation and path analysis (Expt. 2) of 12 metric traits including fruit yield and 5 major biotic stresses viz., murda/1eaf curl complex, mosaic disease, fruit rot, powdery mildew and fruit borer. The significant differences due to genotypes for all characters in both the experiments indicated the suitability of material for the present study. The combining ability analysis revealed that Byadgi dabbi, Lokur and Puri red parents were found as good general combiners for most of the traits. The Lokur X Puri red (6x7) cross was identified as the most promising cross to obtain elite progenies for vegetable purpose with high yield and multiple resistance to all major biotic stresses. The superiority of 6x7 cross is attributed to high gca effects of both parents, non-significant sea effects, negligible reciprocal cross differences and high per se performance along with significant residual heterosis of 123.61, 93.85 and 37.26 percent for fruit number, fruit yield/plant and plot yield respectively over Byadgi kaddi as standard check. In addition, Byadgi kaddi x Puri red (3x7), Sankeshwar x Puri red (4x7) and Button x Puri red (5x7) crosses had the potential to provide good base material for future breeding programmes. The germplasm evaluation indicated that majority of fruit traits and yield components recorded high GCV and heriability than plant growth traits. High GCV, heritability coupled with high genetic advance were recorded for number of fruits/plant, fruit yield/plant, fruit related traits like length, volume, surface area. Among biotic stresses, high GCV moderate heritability and genetic advance were recorded for fruit rot followed by murda complex, mosaic disease and fruit borer. The number of fruits/plant average fruit weight and fruit traits (length, diameter, volume and surface area) showed significant correlation among themselves and with fruit yield/plant. But murda complex, mosaic disease and fruit borer exhibited negative association with fruit number and fruit number exerted high direct effects followed by average fruit weight. Therefore, the future chilli breeding programmes should include fruit length, number of fruits/plant and average fruit weight in formulating the selection criteria as they recorded high GCV, heritability, genetic advance alongwith significant positive correlation and high direct effects on fruit yield/plant.
Description
Keywords
null
Citation
No. of references 74