ECO-BIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF FRUIT SUCKING MOTHS
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Date
2000
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
Abstract
Studies undertaken at the college o f Agriculture Regional Research Station. Raichur (Karnataka, India) on fruit sucknig moths (FSM) during 1999-2000 revealed an average damage o f 33.10 and 15.37 per cent, respectively between August and November on sweet orange and pomegranate. The peak incidence occurred during second fortnight o f October with a ma.ximum number o f immatures o f Othreis spp. (157 immatures/109 plants) during September month. 15 different FS.M were recorded in the region, among them, Othreis materna (L.) and Othreis fullonia (Clerck) were the predominant primary' piercers whereas, Achaea jancita ( L.) was the important secondary piercer.Egg, larval and pupal period o f O. materna averaged 2.6±0.73, 12.82±0.73 days and 12.40±0.48 days respectively, while it was 3.48±0.36, 16.18±0.76 and 12.40±0.66 days respectively for O. fitlloiiia on Tinospora cnrdifoHa (Willd.) The lar\ae o f both the species completed tlve instars and the full grown larva o f O. materna and 0 . fullonia measured an average body length o f 61.90±1.1 mm and 66.40±1.40 mm, respectively. Average preoviposition and oviposition period o f O. materna was 5.75±0.45 and 5.90±1.30 days with a fecundity o f 470±64.03 eggs. While the pre-oviposition and oviposition period for O. fullonia was 4.70±0.80 days, 3.40±0.70 days with a fecundity o f 565±75.45 eggs. Two larval parasitoids viz., Euplectrus maternus Bhatnagar (Hymenoptera ; Eulophidae) and Winthemia sp. (Diptera : Tachinidae) were found to parasitize O. materna and O. fullonia. Average parasitism by E. maternus and Winthemia sp. was 13.23 and 47.90 per cent, respectively. Among different management tactics evaluated against FSM. covering the fruits by polythene bags and covering o f whole tree by nylon net (0.5 sq. cm. mesh) were equally effective in managing the pests, while spraying o f neem based insecticides, monocrotophos and use o f poison baits were found ineffective.
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No . of references 58