AGRONOMIC EVALUATION AND MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF DROUGHT TOLERANT CHICKPEA (Cicer spp.) GENOTYPES
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Date
2004
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during rati season 2003-04 to study agronomic performance of different chickpea genotypes with respect to different morpho-physiological indices for drought tolerance. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications having 16 genotypes as treatments. Further, molecular analysis of these genotypes was done by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. The genotype BG-1092 recorded significantly higher grain yield (1599 kg ha-^) and followed by ICC-4958 (1279 kg ha-i). Whereas ICC-10943 noticed significantly lower yield (546 kg ha-^). Similarly, yield components viz., number of pods per plant, hundred seed weight and dry matter accumulation in pods were significantly superior in BG-1092 and ICC- 4958 compared to others. The same genotypes also had higher SLA, LAI and LAD at all stages compared to other genotypes. The RWC and total chlorophyll content were decreased while, CSI and free proline content were increased with an advancement in crop growth among all genotypes. The genotypes A-1 and GBS-964 recorded higher RWC compared to other genotypes, while BG-1092 and ICC-4958 recorded higher total chlorophyll content at later stages. The genotypes, BG-1092 and ICC-4958 recorded higher CSI and free proline content compared to other genotypes. RAPD profiles for all the 16 genotypes were generated with 30 random decamer primers. The primers generated 112 RAPD loci, of which 108 were polymorphic. The extent of polymorphism generated among the genotypes was very high (96.42%). The maximum genetic distance of 76 per cent was found between ICC-10438 and GBS-964. While, the lowest genetic distance of 40 per cent was between BGD-111 and ICC-10441. The dendrogram for 16 chickpea genotypes showed two major clusters. The genotype ICC-10438 found in one cluster while, all other genotypes which had higher as well as lower degree of tolerance to drought were found in the other cluster.
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