GENETIC EVALUATION OF PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE AND SEMEN ATTRIBUTES VIS-A-VIS CHARACTERIZATION OF FERTILITY BIOMARKER IN LAYER CHICKEN
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Date
2019
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Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The aim of present study was to evaluate genetic parameters of production performance, semen attributes and characterize a fertility biomarker in layer chicken. The study was consisted of five genetic groups viz. Rhode Island Red, Punjab Red, RIR x local cross, Aseel and Kadaknath maintained at Poultry Research Farm under Directorate of Livestock Farms, GADVASU, Ludhiana. The performance study was conducted for two genetics groups viz. RIR (N=7801) and Punjab Red (N=2498) for the period from 2006 to 2017. The lowest ASM was found in RIR as 141.87±0.65 days and highest was in Punjab Red as 159.28±2.21 days. The average body weight on 20th and 40th week for RIR was estimated as 1328.14±2.45g and 1639.99±3.21g respectively with the range of minimum to maximum body weight at 20week age was 1093.91±8.16g in 2015 to 1650.46±9.87g in 2006. ASM showed low to moderate negative phenotypic and genetic correlation with BWT20, BWT40, EN40 with the range of -0.02 to -0.54 and -0.14 to -0.50 respectively for all the genetic groups. Egg weight is having low positive genetic and phenotypic correlation with ASM and BWT20 while with EN40 low negative genetic and phenotypic correlation was estimated for all the genetic groups. The genetic correlation between BWT40 and BWT20 was estimated for highly positive with the range of 0.52 to 0.54 for all the genetic groups. The h2 estimates for ASM, BWT40, EN40 and EWT was 0.12, 0.25, 0.40, 0.17 and 0.51 for Punjab Red and similar h2was also found for RIR strains. The mean semen volume was higher (0.46ml) in Punjab Red followed by RIR (0.38ml) and Aseel (0.37ml). The phenotypic correlations among all the traits were very low depicting less association between the traits except phenotypic correlation between sperm viability and sperm motility for all the breeds (0.1 to 0.64).The h2 for semen volume was 0.47, 0.51 and 0.53 in RIR, Punjab red and Aseel respectively showed high in range. For sperm motility and viability the estimates was also high for all the breeds ranged from 0.66 to 0.86. The h2 estimates for sperm abnormality was medium for RIR (0.36) and Punjab Red (0.29) while high estimate for Aseel as 0.72. The low range of h2 was estimated (0.05 to 0.1) for sperm concentration in all genetic groups. The sperm functional attributes remained within considerable range from 36 to 44 weeks of age for Aseel and KN. Analysis of sperm attributes also remained high in RIR, PR and RIR x local cross roosters between 28 to 52, 28 to 56 and 28 to 52 weeks of age, respectively. High variations were observed in sperm protein profile among all five genetic groups are associated with different fertility rate. Present study reports for the first time to identify the potential protein markers in high fertile group of male chicken by protein sequencing. BLAST analysis revealed 87% identity of 20 kDa sperm protein to a hypothetical and partial avian protein (N332-08551) opens a new window to further evaluate its role in fertility. Results suggested that proteins identified and characterized based on fertility rate of roosters may be used as potential marker for fertility evaluation of male chicken.
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