Preparation and evaluation of formulations of entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin against lepidopteran insect pests
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Date
2019-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Present study on mass multiplication and formulation of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo)Vuillemin along with their pathogenicity against lepidopteran insect pest, i.e. Tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura) and Greater Wax Moth larve (Galleria mellonella) was conducted in Insect Pathology Laboratory, Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, , G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand during 2017-19. Experiment conducted for the mass multiplication of B. bassiana on grain based media showed that Rice was best substrate on the basis of mean biomass, mean conidial count, and mean germination per cent (0.62 g, 10.92×107 conidia/ml and 86.94 %) followed by Sorghum and Maize. For synthetic media the same parameters were studied for mass multiplication of B. bassiana and it was found that best media were Oatmeal Agar Media (OMA) and Oatmeal Broth (OMB) within a range of temperature 21oC- 27 oC. For bioassay the developed conidial suspension and Sunflower oil formulation were evaluated on Greater Wax Moth (Galleria mellonella) and Tobacco Caterpillar (Spodoptera litura). In Greater Wax Moth comparison in the toxicity of two formulations indicated that there was not much difference between the efficacy of the formulations, however some higher response was observed in the sunflower oil formulation. At 72 hours after treatment (HAT) the mortality response in case of conidial suspension was 73.33% however at same 72 HAT in case of sunflower oil formulation the mortality response was 83.33 % at the concentration of 1000×105. In other concentrations at various hours after treatment oil formulation is showing higher toxicity as compared to conidial suspension and in tobacco caterpillar comparison between the two formulations indicated that there was not much difference between the contact toxicities of the B. Bassiana, however oil formulation showed a little higher toxicity. At 48 HAT the mortality in case of conidial suspension was 16.67%, however it was 23.33% at highest concentration of 1000×105 in case of sunflower oil formulation. In other concentrations at various hours after treatment sunflower oil formulation is showing higher toxicity as compared to conidial suspension. Mycoinsecticide formulations are the leading effective products for controlling various insect pests. Being highly potent agent, Chemical firms are diversifying their portfolio to such microbial agents as the degradation of soil and resistance in insects has made synthetic chemicals more questionable. Need of the hour is to discover biological entities to control insect pests which will help to develop new horizons for Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
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