Variability studies in pea [pisum sativum L.]
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Date
2019-05-30
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Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani
Abstract
The present investigation entitled "Variability studies in pea (Pisum sativum L.)" was carried out during rabi season, 2017-18 at the Instructional Cum-Research-Farm, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Latur, VNMKV, Parbhani. The study was undertaken on twenty one genotypes of pea by using Randomized Block Design with two replications.
Pea sowing was done on 29th November 2017 at the spacing of 30 cm x 15 cm. In each treatment there were 111 plants of each genotype in a replication. Five plants were randomly selected from each treatment to record observations on twenty characters.
A wide range of variation observed among the genotypes for all the characters. The high genotypic coefficient of variation as well as phenotypic coefficient of variation were observed for number of primary branches per plant, green pod yield per hectare, green pod yield per plot, green pod yield per plant, pod length, number of seeds per green pod and number of pods per cluster.
The high heritability were found for plant height, number of primary branches per plant, days to initiation of first flowering, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to first picking, number of pickings, number of clusters per plant, number of pods in cluster, pod length, number of seeds per green pod, physiological loss of weight, T.S.S. content, green pod yield per plant, green pod yield per plot and green pod yield per hectare. High values of genetic advance were recorded for number of primary branches per plant, green pod yield per hectare, green pod yield per plot, pod length, green pod yield per plant, number of seeds per green pod, number of pods per cluster, number of clusters per plant, plant height, number of pickings, days to first picking, days to initiation of first flowering and days to 50 per cent flowering.
The green pod yield per plant exhibited positive and significant correlation with pod length, number of seed per green pod, green pod yield per plot and green pod yield per hectare at both genotypic and phenotypic levels.
Path coefficient analysis revealed that number of primary branches per plant, days to 50 per cent flowering, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per cluster, number of seeds per green pod and green pod yield per hectare were found positive and direct effect on green pod yield per plant, while plant height days to first flowering, days to first picking, number of pickings, pod length, crop duration and green pod yield per plot were found negative direct effect on green pod yield per plant.
The range and mean performance of yield, yield contributing components and quality traits revealed that, Phule Priya, Chandrapur Local and AP-3 were found superior than the rest of the genotypes. The genotype ‘AP-3’ was found early variety as observed from the characters days to first flowering, days to 50 per cent flowering and days to first picking. For the quality character, the genotype AP-3 and Chandrapur Local were found to be superior for T.S.S. AP-1 and Parbhani Local were found for minimum physiological loss of weight.
Thus, it can be concluded that, from the present investigation the genotype Phule Priya, Chandrapur Local and AP-3 were superior for yield and yield contributing characters and for the quality characters AP-3, Chandrapur Local, AP-1 and Parbhani Local were found superior than the rest of genotypes. The genotypes Phule Priya, Chandrapur Local, AP-3, AP-1 and Parbhani Local were found superior in yield and quality contributing characters in the Marathwada region for commercial cultivation and for further improvement of pea through breeding programme.
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