DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT PLAN OF A VILLAGE POND FOR SUSTAINABLE CROP PLANNING IN EASTERN COASTAL ZONE
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Date
2019
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur
Abstract
The present study entitled “Development and Management plan of a village pond for sustainable crop planning in eastern coastal zone” was carried out at ‘Digi pokhri’ of Garadpur Gram panchayat, Kendrapara, Odisha. It is a coastal plain area generally affected by water logging during monsoon season and the scantiness of water availability during post monsoon season. Due to saline groundwater and contamination by sea water intrusion, it is difficult to get drinking water from groundwater sources. In this area the only hope is to design and manage a village pond or revival of the existing ponds.
The study was carried out for catchment delineation and design of different suitable structures for inlet and outlet of pond, with water balance study for exploring the possibility of water utilisation for crop production. In this study the pond of 4.2 ha area and 880 m perimeter was taken whose catchment area after delineation by dumpy level survey, was found to be around 25 ha. There is sediment inflow and deposition in the pond, so design of sediment trap was done. In this study it was found that a trapping mesh of 5 x 5 cm mesh size with 1 m screen height was designed for the existing inlet channel (4 m top width, 2 m bottom width, 1 m depth and 1:1 slope), for stopping of incoming wastes like cans, coconut shells etc. After removal of these wastes a sediment basin of 1.5 m depth, 40 m in length, 4 m top width, with bottom of 2 m width with 1:1 slope was designed to handle 203 m3 volume of sediment deposit, for settling down of sediment particles in the basin before entering into the pond. At the outlet of the basin a gabion filter of 4 m top length, 2 m bottom length and 0.5 m width with 0.8 m height was designed to remove the escaped sediment particles from basin, which was designed to improve the water quality. There are farmers’ fields near the pond, so a pathway is required for crossing the inlet channel without facing trouble, according to this situation an open footing culvert of 2 m width (opening) and 0.75 m height and length of 3 m was designed for crossing of tractors, combine harvesters and other farm implements including bullock carts. For removal of excess water during monsoon, an emergency spillway of 1 m over-fall and 2 m length and 0.5 m height of weir was designed to handle 1 m3/s of discharge. The area of the catchment which needs to be converted to a pond to store requisite amount of water varies between 11 to 20% for the study area.
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