EFFECT OF POST HARVEST TREATMENTS ON THE SHELF LIFE, QUALITY AND STUDIES ON SPECIES DIVERSITY OF FRUIT FLIES IN GUAVA (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Allahabad Safeda
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Date
2018-09-20
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College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, HYD-30
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different post harvest treatments on the shelf life, quality, and species diversity of fruit flies in guava was observed. Different chemicals such as Gibberellic acid, Calcium chloride, Salicylic acid and Potassium permanganate were used, individually and in combinations. The different concentrations of GA3 at 25 & 50 ppm and combination with KMnO4 (5g/kg sachet), CaCl2 at 1 & 2% and in combination with KMnO4 (5g/kg sachet) and Salicylic acid at 70 & 140 ppm and in combination with KMnO4 (5g/kg sachet) was used. Guava fruits of cv. Allahabad Safeda were treated with chemicals and stored at ambient temperatures at college of horticulture Rajendranagar. Completely Randomized Design was followed with 13 treatments and 3 replications. Various physical parameters such as PLW (%), fruit rotting (%), fruit spoilage (%), fruit diameter (cm), shelf life of fruits (days), organoleptic evaluation and biochemical parameters such as total sugars (%), reducing sugars (%), non reducing sugars (%), TSS (°brix), titrable acidity (%), ascorbic acid (mg/100g), and brix acid ratio were estimated at an interval of 2 days during storage.
Fruits which were treated with 140 ppm salicylic acid i.e T6 were significant among all the treatments and recorded lowest PLW (1.79%), minimum fruit rotting (3.69%), minimum fruit spoilage (5.24%) , maximum diameter (17.41cm) and highest shelf life (7 days) over control (4 days). The 2nd best treatment which was found to be significant was, fruits treated with salicylic acid at 70 ppm i.e T5. Highest significant rating in organoleptic evaluation was given to T6 i.e Salicylic acid at 140 ppm, whereas second best treatment was T5
i.e salicylic acid at 70 ppm. Biochemical parameters such as total sugars (%), reducing sugars (%), non reducing sugars (%), TSS (°brix), titrable acidity (%), ascorbic acid (mg/100g), and brix acid ratio were found significant. Highest total sugars, reducing sugars, non reducing sugars, TSS, acidity, ascorbic acid and lowest brix acid ratio was recorded in fruits treated with salicylic acid at 140 ppm i.e T6. Second best treatment was salicylic acid at 70 ppm i.e T5.
In the second experiment 21 fruit fly traps were installed in the guava orchard at Fruit Research Station Sangareddy. Randomized block design was followed for the experiment with 8 treatments and 3 replications. Initially all the traps were loaded with pheromone lure, later the lure was changed from the traps at 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 and 60 days interval. Observations were recorded at weekly intervals. Various parameters such as species diversity of fruit flies, number of fruit fly catches, number of healthy and damaged fruits on the tree, weather data were recorded. 3 species of fruit flies viz., Bactrocera correcta, Bactrocera zonata and Gastrozona fasciventris were identified. The number of fruit fly catches were highest in T1 i.e when the lure was changed at 30 days interval, with lowest number of damaged fruits and highest number of healthy fruits against the tree without traps i.e T8 (Control). When the weather parameters were correlated with number of fruit fly catches and age of the lure it was found that there was positive correlation with maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity I & II however there was no correlation with rainfall and negative correlation with wind velocity. Pheromone longevity in the traps was for 30 days.
It can be concluded that salicylic acid at 140 ppm (T6) was found to be the best among all the treatments in extending the shelf life and quality of guava cv. Allahabad Safeda. Since the fruit flies cause damage to guava fruits under post harvest conditions, the species diversity and highest no. of fruit flies were recorded in a trap with pheromone lure changed at 30 days interval (T1), with highest number of healthy fruits and lowest number of damaged fruits.
Description
In the second experiment 21 fruit fly traps were installed in the guava orchard at Fruit Research Station Sangareddy. Randomized block design was followed for the experiment with 8 treatments and 3 replications. Initially all the traps were loaded with pheromone lure, later the lure was changed from the traps at 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 and 60 days interval. Observations were recorded at weekly intervals. Various parameters such as species diversity of fruit flies, number of fruit fly catches, number of healthy and damaged fruits on the tree, weather data were recorded. 3 species of fruit flies viz., Bactrocera correcta, Bactrocera zonata and Gastrozona fasciventris were identified. The number of fruit fly catches were highest in T1 i.e when the lure was changed at 30 days interval, with lowest number of damaged fruits and highest number of healthy fruits against the tree without traps i.e T8 (Control). When the weather parameters were correlated with number of fruit fly catches and age of the lure it was found that there was positive correlation with maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity I & II however there was no correlation with rainfall and negative correlation with wind velocity. Pheromone longevity in the traps was for 30 days.
It can be concluded that salicylic acid at 140 ppm (T6) was found to be the best among all the treatments in extending the shelf life and quality of guava cv. Allahabad Safeda. Since the fruit flies cause damage to guava fruits under post harvest conditions, the species diversity and highest no. of fruit flies were recorded in a trap with pheromone lure changed at 30 days interval (T1), with highest number of healthy fruits and lowest number of damaged fruits.
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Citation
Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-30