YIELD GAPS AND CONSTRAINTS IN PRODUCTION OF MAJOR CROPS IN NORTH KARNATAKA - AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
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Date
1999
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
Abstract
The present study was conducted to ascertain the yield gaps and
constraints in the production of jowar, groundnut arid cotton in north
Kamataka. Primary data from 240 sample farmers and secondary data
from concerned research station were collected for the agricultural year
1996-97. Tabular, Cobb-Douglas and Frontier production function, Path
and Decomposition Analyses were used for the analysis of data.
The index of yield gap worked out to be 58.83 per cent, 57.43 per
cent and 56.55 per cent for jowar, groundnut and cotton, respectively.
Nearly 70 per cent of potential farm yield in jowar and groundnut and 65
per cent of the potential farm yield in cotton was realised by the sample
farmers. The significance of the dummy (technique of production) coefficients
confirmed the structural difference in the production surfaces
between the demonstration plots and the farmers field.
Path analysis revealed that input gaps have a high degree of
association with the yield gaps. Plant nutrient excerted the maximum
direct effect on the observed yield gap in jowar and groundnut, whereas, it
was human labour in cotton. Decomposition analysis also showed that
difference in cultural practices between farmers field and demonstration
plots was the major contributing factor to the yield gap in jowar (21.42%)
and cotton (27.79%), while input gap contributed for the highest share in
groundnut (18.58%). Among the various inputs, plant nutrient (jowar and
groundnut) and human labour (cotton) accounted for the major portion of
the yield gaps.
In the study area jowar sample fanners achieved about 70 percent
frontier output, whereas, slightly greater (80%) efficiency was recorded
by groundnut and cotton sample farmers. The Kopp measure of allocative
efficiency analysis showed a very high degree of inefficiency in the use of
resources for all the three crops. The resource use efficiency analysis
revealed that profitability ratio, for most of the crops differed from unity.
Thus there is a need for reallocation of expenditure among different
resources so as to optimise the crop production.
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