GENE ACTION STUDIES FOR FRUIT YELD AND HORTICULTURAL TRAITS IN OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)
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Date
2019-07-22
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CSKHPKV, Palampur
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Gene action studies for fruit yield and horticultural traits in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)” was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK HPKV Palampur to gather information on genetic architecture for fruit yield and horticultural traits in okra. The experimental material comprised of 51 triple test cross progenies derived by mating 12 lines with three testers namely, 9801 (L1), Hisar Unnat (L2) and their single cross F1 (L3). This genetic material was evaluated in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications during May to October, 2018. The observations were recorded on ten randomly selected plants in each entry over the replications on different quantitative traits [days to 50 per cent flowering, days to first picking, first fruit producing node, nodes per plant, internodal length (cm), fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), average fruit weight (g), plant height (cm), harvest duration (days), fruits per plant and fruit yield per plant (g)], quality traits [immature fruit colour, fruit pubescence, ridges per fruit, dry matter (%) and mucilage (%)] and screening for yellow vein mosaic disease. Epistasis was found to be an integral part of genetic variation for majority of the traits including fruit yield per plant. Epistatic interaction for most of the traits was j+l type except first fruit producing node, nodes per plant, internodal length, fruit length, fruit diameter, average fruit weight, fruits per plant, ridges per fruit and dry matter whereas harvest duration, fruit yield per plant and mucilage carried both ‘i’ and ‘j+l’ type with predominance of ‘i’ type except fruit yield per plant. Additive component (D) was more pronounced than dominance component (H) for most of the traits except mucilage. Both additive and dominance components were of almost equal magnitude for mucilage indicating the importance of both additive and dominance type of gene action. Degree of dominance was in the range of partial dominance for most of the traits, while mucilage showed complete dominance. The kind of genetic variance revealed from triple test cross can be exploited by intermating selected individuals in early segregating generations with delayed selection in later generations, diallel selective mating/ biparental mating or recurrent selection followed by pedigree method to exploit both additive and non-additive components alongwith epistasis. Lines IC-169468, Parbhani Kranti, P-8, VRO-6 and Japan Round were found to be good general combiners for majority of the traits. The cross-combinations Parbhani Kranti x Hisar Unnat, P-8 x Hisar Unnat and VRO-4 x Hisar Unnat exhibited high SCA, heterobeltiosis, economic heterosis and per se performance for fruit yield per plant and were rated as potential crosses. Parbhani Kranti x Hisar Unnat, P-8 x Hisar Unnat and Parbhani Kranti x 9801 were the best cross-combinations for majority of the traits and were moderately resistant (Parbhani Kranti x 9801) to resistant (Parbhani Kranti x Hisar Unnat and P-8 x Hisar Unnat) to the YVMV disease. Due to ease in manual emasculation and pollination and resistance to yellow vein mosaic virus disease in the hybrids, it shall be a desirable proposition to exploit the parental lines of okra, in particular those revealing high SCA in the present study for the development of hybrids.
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