GENETIC VARIABILITY AND INTER RELATIONSHIPS AMONG BULB YIELD AND ASSOCIATED TRAITS IN GARLIC (Allium sativum L.)

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Date
2019-06-20
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CSKHPKV, Palampur
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The present investigation entitled “Genetic variability and inter relationships among bulb yield and associated traits in garlic (Allium sativum L.)” was undertaken at the Research Farm of Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSKHPKV, Palampur during Rabi, 2017-18. Twenty five genotypes including GHC-1 as standard check, were evaluated in a RBD with three replications to assess various parameters of genetic variability. The data were recorded on ten competitive plants in each entry over the replications for bulb yield and yield related traits. The analysis of variance revealed the presence of sufficient genetic diversity amongst genotypes for all the traits studied. Based on mean performance, Kanaid Local Selection and Chambi Local Selection were the top ranking genotypes for bulb yield per plant which significantly out yielded all the genotypes with a significant increase of 28.74 % and 12.71 %, respectively over standard check, GHC-1. High estimates of PCV and GCV coupled with high heritability and high genetic advance as percentage of mean was observed for bulbils per plant, clove weight, leaf width at middle portion, clove equatorial diameter, cloves per bulb and pseudo stem diameter, suggested the involvement of additive gene action in the inheritance of these traits. The correlation and path coefficients studies revealed that clove weight, bulb equatorial diameter, clove polar diameter, leaf length and clove equatorial diameter were the best selection indices for increasing bulb yield. The Mahalanobis D2 statistic, categorized 25 genotypes into six clusters with cluster V being the largest containing seven genotypes. The highest inter cluster distances were observed between cluster IV and cluster V followed by cluster IV and cluster VI. The cluster IV was found best for bulb yield per plant, bulb yield per plot, clove weight, clove length, clove polar diameter, clove equatorial diameter, bulb polar diameter, bulb equatorial diameter and leaf width at middle portion. The selection of genotypes based upon large cluster distances may lead to favorable broad spectrum genetic variability. The principal component analysis revealed that 92.93 % variation was explained by first six significant principal components. The traits, plant height (PC1 and PC2), clove polar diameter (PC3), leaf length (PC4), cloves per bulb (PC5) and pseudo stem length (PC6) were the maximum contributors towards genetic divergence
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