EFFECT OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF BETAINE HYDROCHLORIDE ON GROWTH AND NUTRIENT UTILIZATION IN BROILER CHICKEN
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Date
2015
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES-MANNUTHY,THRISSUR
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary supplementation of
betaine hydrochloride (betaine HCl) on growth and nutrient utilization in broiler
chicken. The study was carried out for a period of six weeks in Vencobb 400 broiler
chicks. One hundred – and – ninety two, day-old commercial broiler chicks were
allotted to four groups, with four replications of 12 chicks each, randomly. The four
groups were allotted to four dietary regimes and each replicate was randomly assigned
to one of the four dietary treatments in this study. The experimental feed was
formulated according to BIS (1992) specifications and to the control ration (T1), feed
grade betaine HCl at 250, 500, 750 ppm was added respectively to form different
rations T2, T3 and T4 for different treatment groups. The birds in each group were
maintained on their respective ration throughout the experimental period of six weeks.
A metabolism trial of three days duration was conducted after the feeding trial with
four birds from each treatment group to study the balances of energy, nitrogen,
calcium and phosphorus. The feed and droppings were analyzed for chemical
composition to study the utilization of nutrients. Four birds from each treatment was
randomly selected at six weeks of age to study the carcass traits, processing yields and
losses and haematological parameters.
Results indicated significant effect of betaine HCl supplementation on weekly
body weight, weekly body weight gain, and cumulative FCR (P< 0.01). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) for cumulative feed intake of birds on 42nd day.
The availability of crude protein, had significant difference (P< 0.01) among
dietary supplementation of betaine HCl treatments but availability of other nutrients,
minerals and nitrogen balance did not show any significant difference (P>0.05). All
serum parameters were within the normal range for species. Supplementation of
betaine HCl in different levels did not improve the serum calcium and inorganic
phosphorus. The serum total protein and albumin level as well as serum uric acid were
similar (P>0.05) in all treatment groups. There was significant decrease in serum
triglycerides (P< 0.01) and low density lipoproteins levels (P< 0.05) among treatment
groups but serum total cholesterol, high density lipoproteins, aspartate
aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were similar (P>0.05) in
all treatment groups. The breast muscle cholesterol was significantly (P < 0.01) lower
in T3 and T4 treatment group at sixth week.
The carcass characteristics (recorded as percentage of pre-slaughter live
weight) viz. eviscerated carcass weight, ready-to-cook yield, giblet weight and
abdominal fat weight) of birds were also not affected by any level of supplementation
of betaine HCl. The percentage weight of cut up parts and internal organs also did not
show any significant difference between groups except in the case of gizzard (P<
0.05).
The proximate composition of breast muscle did not show any significant
difference between groups except in the case of crude protein (P < 0.01).
The tibial bone analysis results indicated that the defatted bone weight,
tibial bone ash, bone calcium and phosphorus levels were not influenced with different
levels of betaine HCl supplementation.
Overall results indicated significant effect of betaine HCl supplementation on
production efficiency factor (PEF), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and energy
efficiency ratio (EER) (P< 0.01). The T4 group fetched high net profit per kg live body
weight (Rs.18.25) which showed increased income (Rs.4.24) over control T1 group,
followed by T3 group (Rs. 3.72). Hence, it may reasonably be concluded that betaine
HCl can be included in broiler diet up to 750 PPM for attaining higher body weight
gain with better feed conversion ratio and better return over feed cost.
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