Physiological and biochemical effect of biotic stress by rice root-knot nematode on the growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
2019
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Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar
Abstract
An experiment entitled “Physiological and biochemical effect of biotic stress by rice root-knot nematode on the growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.)” was conducted during kharif’2018 in the net house of Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, OUAT, Bhubaneswar in pots with rice cultivar “Naveen” which was fitted statistically in a completely randomized design with five replications and five treatments having one treatment as control or untreated. Pots were inoculated, as one pot for only one time, with freshly hatched second stage juveniles (J2s) of rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) with a concentration of 1000 J2s/kg of soil at time of sowing, 2 WAS, 4 WAS and 6 WAS sequentially. There after morphological parameters were recorded from 15 DAS to 90 DAS at each interval of 15 days. Physiological and biochemical changes were analyzed at 30 DAI of each pot and finally the yield and yield attributes were recorded after harvest in all experimental plants. The effect of rice root-knot nematode on rice cv. Naveen was found detrimental on its growth, development and productivity and confirmed the susceptibility of Naveen cultivar to M. graminicola. Moreover, rice root-knot nematode population was significantly high in seedling to early tillering stage than other growth stages of rice plant as in early stage soft tender roots facilitate high invasion of nematode causing more root galls. Therefore, the inoculation at two weeks after sowing showed the highest reduction in plant height, leaf area, numbers of leaves, tiller number vis-a-vis significant biochemical changes like maximum degradation in chlorophyll, protein, cellulose, hemicellulose, crude fiber content with maximum increase in proline, phenol, total antioxidant and other defense enzyme activities viz. PPO, PAX, CAT and SOD. This study demonstrated that M. graminicola is negatively impacting on yield attributes and reducing rice yield up to 57.4% at early stage of crop growth. Based on the results of the study, M. graminicola can be considered as serious bottleneck in increasing rice production.
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Th-5672
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