EFFECT OF ROOTSTOCKS AND GRAFTING TECHNIQUES ON HORTICULTURAL TRAITS AND GUMMY STEM BLIGHT IN PARTHENOCARPIC CUCUMBER
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Date
2019-04-24
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CSKHPKV, Palampur
Abstract
Grafting has a potential for higher yield and disease control in the cultivation of cucurbitaceous crops. Considering this aspect the field experiment entitled “Effect of rootstocks and grafting techniques on horticultural traits and gummy stem blight in parthenocarpic cucumber” was undertaken at the Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK HPKV, Palampur Himachal Pradesh with two objectives- in vitro screening of different rootstocks for gummy stem blight, and to study the effect of rootstocks and grafting techniques on yield and quality attributes in cucumber. The seeds of local varieties of different rootstocks ie. Summer squash, bottle gourd, pumpkin, ash gourd, luffa, cucumber and bitter gourd were procured from the local farmers. The seven cucurbit rootstocks were screened in vitro against the disease gummy stem blight by inoculating fungus Didymella bryoniae. All the rootstocks screened showed resistance to the fungal pathogen Didymella bryoniae. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with three replications and data were recorded on various horticultural and quality traits of grafted plants viz. Days to first flowering, Days to first fruit set, Days to first harvest, Number of marketable fruits per plant, Marketable fruit yield per plant (kg), Average fruit weight (g), Marketable fruit yield per square meter (kg/m2), Fruit length (cm), Fruit diameter (cm), Harvest duration (days), Vine length (cm), Internodal length (cm), TSS (ºBrix), Shelf life and Grafting success per cent (%) . Most of the characters under investigation were significantly influenced by the interaction effect of rootstocks and grafting techniques. Treatment RS5GT3 (RS5= Bitter gourd, GT3= Splice grafting) resulted in minimum number of days to first flower (16.17 days), days to first fruit set (24 days) and minimum number of days to first fruit harvest (32.89 days). Treatment RS2GT3 (RS2= Bottle gourd, GT3= Splice grafting) resulted in the highest grafting success per cent (96.67%), maximum number of marketable fruits per plant (16.35), maximum marketable fruit yield per plant (2.53 kg), maximum marketable fruit yield per square meter (12.66 kg/m2) and maximum vine length (350 cm). Treatment RS1GT3 (RS1= Summer squash, GT3= Splice grafting) resulted in the highest average fruit weight (160.06 g) and fruit length (17.25 cm). Minimum internodal length (9.83 cm) was observed in treatment RS6GT2 (RS6= Luffa, GT2= Hole insertion grafting) and highest TSS of (3.60°Brix) was observed in treatment RS4GT2 (RS4= Cucumber, GT2= Hole insertion grafting). The interaction effect of rootstocks and grafting techniques had no significant effect on fruit diameter and harvest duration. Therefore, it is inferred from the study that bottle gourd is best compatible rootstock along with splice grafting technique for securing high yield in parthenocarpic cucumber as well as for resistance against gummy stem blight under protected conditions.
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