Heterosis and Combining Ability Studies for Yield and other Horticultural Traits in Chilli (Capsicum annuum L. var. acuminatum Fingerh.)
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Date
2017-07
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College of Horticulture, Bharsar Campus, V.C.S.G. Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Heterosis and Combining Ability Studies for
Yield and other Horticultural Traits in Chilli (Capsicum annuum L. var. acuminatum
Fingerh.)”was carried out at Vegetable Research and Demonstration Block of
Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Bharsar, during 2016-2017. The
experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Six
diverse chilli lines were crossed in a diallel fashion (excluding reciprocals) to obtain fifteen
cross combinations to study heterosis and combining ability for yield and other
horticultural traits. Significant differences were observed among genotypes for all the traits
studied. Significant heterobeltiosis was observed in desirable direction for all traits.
Similarly, significant increase or decrease heterosis over check (Arka Harita) was observed
for all the traits under study. Nine crosses over better parent and three crosses over the
standard check exhibited positive and significant heterosis for yield per plant. The cross
Byadgi Dabbi × G-4(60.06%) exhibited maximum heterosis over the better parent and
Byadgi Dabbi × Arka Lohit(24.24%) over standard check. Further, the parent Arka Lohit
emerged as good general combiner for plant height, fruit diameter, stalk length ,stalk
weight, number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant and fruit yield per plot. Whereas,
the Byadgi Dabbi was identified as good general combiner for days to 50% flowering,days
to first fruit harvest, average fruit weight and high ascorbic acid content. Similarly Pant
C-1 was good for number of primary branches and high capsaicin content. The highest
specific combining ability effect in plant stem girth, fruit length ,days to 50% flowering,
average fruit weight , average number of fruits per plant, capsaicin, fruit yield per plant and
plot was observed in cross Arka Lohit × Pant C-1. Whereas, different cross combinations
showed the good specific combining ability effects in different horticultural traits in
desirable direction. Hybrids performed better in yield and other horticultural traits that
opened the way for further evaluation and release as hybrids. Hence, Byadgi Dabbi × Arka
Lohit, Byadgi Kaddi × Arka Lohit and Byadgi Dabbi × G-4 can be recommended for
commercial cultivation after multi-location testing.
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