ASSOCIATION OF POLYMORPHISM OF PROLACTIN GENE WITH PRODUCTION TRAITS IN WHITE LEGHORN AND NATIVE CHICKEN
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Date
2017-07-31
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES-MANNUTHY,THRISSUR
Abstract
Marker assisted selection (MAS) is the most efficient and advanced method in poultry breeding programme. This can be done by using different types of molecular markers namely, RFLPS, RAPDs, AFLPs, microsatellites and SNPs, (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms). The main aim of the present study was identification of polymorphism of prolactin gene and its association with production traits in White Leghorn and Native chicken. A total of 200 birds each of IWN strain of White Leghorn and Native chicken were randomly selected from AICRP on Poultry Improvement, Mannuthy. Blood samples were collected from the randomly selected birds and isolation of genomic DNA was done by using DNA isolation kit. PCR and PCR-RFLP analysis was carried out to find a 24-bp insertion-deletion at the site of -358 of promoter 1 and two SNPs (C-2402T and C-2161G) in promoter 2, respectively of prolactin gene. The genotypes are designated as II, ID and DD for promoter 1 and CC, CT and TT and also CC, CG and GG for C-2402T and C2161G sites, respectively for promoter 2.
The genotype frequencies of II, ID and DD were 0.965, 0.035 and 0.000, respectively in IWN strain of White Leghorn and 0.650, 0.095 and 0.255, respectively in Native chicken. The genotype frequencies of CC, CT and TT were 1.000, 0.000 and 0.000, respectively in IWN strain of White Leghorn and 0.620, 0.215 and 0.165, respectively in Native chicken. The genotype frequencies of CC, CG and GG were 1.000, 0.000 and 0.000, respectively in IWN strain of White Leghorn and 0.610, 0.160 and 0.230, respectively in Native chicken. As the number of birds with polymorphisms was nil in IWN strain of White Leghorn, it has not been taken for further evaluation. The higher genotypic frequency of CC in both C-2402T and C-2161G sites in native chicken of Kerala might be due to the unknown inclusion of exotic germplasm in the backyard of Kerala.
All the three polymorphisms of prolactin gene were compared with production traits and found that the CC and CT genotypes of C-2402T site of promoter 2 was having significantly (p<0.05) early sexual maturity, lower egg weight and higher egg production compared to TT genotype. These results suggest that the SNP C-2402T in promoter 2 of prolactin can be used as a molecular marker in selection and breeding programme.
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