PATTERN OF EXTREMELY HIGHER ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE LINKED VARIATIONS IN SERUM IRON INDICES AND ENDOGENOUS ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSES OF LIVER IN MARWARI GOAT FROM ARID TRACTS
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Date
2018
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Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner
Abstract
Evaluation of the pattern of extremely higher environmental temperature linked variations in serum iron indices and endogenous antioxidant responses of liver in Marwari goat from arid tracts was carried out in the present exploration. Blood sample to harvest serum and liver samples were collected from male and female goats of Marwari breed ageing from 3 to 12 months during comfortable (months of October and November) and extremely higher or hot (May, June and July) environmental temperature periods (ETPs) from private slaughter houses. The male and female animals were categorized as 3-6 months; 6-9 months and 9-12 months of age groups in each environmental temperature period (ETP). To achieve the objectives of the investigation, analytes were measured in the serum and liver (where ever applicable) during comfortable and extremely hot ETPs. Serum iron indices incorporated iron and total iron binding capacity. The endogenous antioxidant responses of liver included different analytes i.e. vitamin E, vitamin C, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, malondialdehyde and peroxidase. Control mean value was attained during comfortable ETP for each analyte. Then the mean value acquired during extremely hot ETP was compared from respective control value of the analyte. Monitoring of the impacts of gender and age group was also done. Per cent changes in analytes during extremely hot ETP were computed to evaluate the extremely higher environmental temperature linked variations in serum iron indices and endogenous antioxidant responses of liver. Interactions of gender X age group; ETPs X gender; ETPs X age groups; ETPs X gender X age groups for serum iron indices and analytes of endogenous liver antioxidants were calculated and were observed to be highly significant (p≤0.01) revealing the preeminence of impacts in each group. A significant (p≤0.05) rise in the mean values of endogenous liver antioxidants i.e. superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase,
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malondialdehyde and peroxidase and a significant (p≤0.05) decline in the mean values of vitamin E, vitamin C and glutathione was observed during extremely hot ETP as compared to respective comfortable ETP mean value. Concomitantly, serum iron and total iron binding capacity also divulged a significant (p≤0.05) decline in the mean values as compared to respective comfortable ETP mean value. For each analyte, significant (p≤0.05) differences in the mean values between male and female Marwari goat signified that gender influence was imposing. It was scrutinized that mean value obtained from male Marwari goat was recorded to be higher (p≤0.05) as compared to respective mean value obtained from female Marwari goat for each analyte. Likewise, maximum per cent change in the mean value of each analyte during extremely hot ETP was found for the female Marwari goat. Instance of variations in the values of analytes of endogenous antioxidants of liver during extremely hot ETP signaled the presence of oxidative stress of a fairly higher magnitude in female goats. The results of the investigation pointed out that male Marwari goat had superior antioxidant potential of liver as compared to female goat. Per cent changes in the values reflected the capability of the goats to contrive the reactions during the extremely hot ETP. It can be avowed that though female goats had reduced levels of each analyte of the endogenous antioxidants responses, but the capability to combat the oxidative stress was more which was indicated in terms of alterations in the levels. Likewise, iron indices also revealed significant changes in the values. Reduction of the values was found during extremely hot ETP. Per cent decline was higher in female goats than in male goats. Mean levels of iron indices were comparatively greater in the male goats than the female goats. It can be deduced that female Marwari goats and Marwari goats of 3-6 months of age were observed to be most affected with regards to serum iron indices and endogenous antioxidant responses of the liver due to extremely hot ETP. It can be proposed that goats of arid tracts must be protected from extended exposure to extremely hot environmental temperature. Customary addition of appropriate antioxidants in the ration is recommended to protect the goats from the threat of extremely environmental temperatures by increasing the endogenous antioxidant responses of the liver in Marwari goat.
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