ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC VARIABILITY FOR HORTICULTURAL AND QUALITY TRAITS IN DOLICHOS BEAN [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet]
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Date
2018
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DIVISION OF VEGETABLE SCIENCE ICAR-INDIAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE NEW DELHI
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out at the research farm of ICARResearch Complex for Eastern Region, Research Centre, Plandu, Ranchi and ICARIARI, New Delhi during 2017-2018. Thirty genotypes including five check cultivars
of dolichos bean were assessed for various qualitative, quantitative, mineral nutrients,
biochemical attributes and different seed traits to ascertain the nature and magnitude
of variability, correlation, path coefficient analysis and genetic divergence. Variability
studies revealed eight superior genotypes for quantitative traits viz. HADB-103
(number of primary branches, number of pods per cluster, pod width, 100 seed weight
and dry seed yield per plant), HADB-106 (plant height, days to first pod harvest,
number of pods per plant and shelling % in dry pods), HADB 112 (number of primary
branches, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight and
dry seed yield per plant), HADB-116 (days to first pod harvest, number of pods per
plant, pod yield per plant, pod width, number of seeds per pod and 100 seed weight),
HADB-124 (number of primary branches, number of pods per cluster, number of
seeds per pod and shelling percentage in dry pods), RAJ DB-1 (average pod weight,
pod yield per plant, pod length and pod width), CG DB-3 (average pod weight, pod
length, shelling percentage in fresh pods and 100 seed weight) and CG DB-5 (average
pod weight, pod length, number of seeds per pod, shelling percentage in fresh pods
and 100 seed weight).
For different quality traits in fresh pods seven genotypes were found promising
viz. CG DB-6 (ash content, total phenol, sodium, potassium, calcium, copper, zinc and
iron content), CG DB-1 (ash content, protein, antioxidant activity, potassium, calcium
and iron content), HADB-111 (ash content, protein, ascorbic acid, potassium, copper
and zinc content), HADB-112 (ash content, antioxidant activity, sodium, potassium
and calcium content), HADB-106 (ascorbic acid, antioxidant activity, potassium,
calcium and zinc content), HADB-110 (ascorbic acid, total phenol, total sugar and
copper content) and HADB-156 (ascorbic acid, total sugar, sodium and calcium
content). For quality traits in dry seeds, six genotypes were found promising viz. CG
DB-7 (protein, total phenol, protein, antioxidant activity, potassium, calcium, copper
and zinc content), CG DB-6 (moisture, ash, total phenol, calcium, copper, zinc and
iron content), HADB-107 (total phenol, total sugar, total starch, sodium and
potassium), CG DB-4 (moisture, protein, phytate, zinc and iron content), CG DB-2
(ash, total starch, calcium and copper content) and HADB-103 (protein, phytate,
potassium, and calcium content). These genotypes need further testing at multiple
locations or they can be involved in further breeding programme for development of
superior varieties or hybrids for yield and quality improvement in dolichos bean.
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High heritability estimates coupled with high genetic gain were observed for
average pod weight, number of pods per plant, pod length, ascorbic acid (fresh pod)
and copper content (fresh pod), hence these traits are more reliable for effective
selection. Besides, high heritability coupled with moderate genetic gain was observed
for number of pods per cluster, pod width, pod yield per plant, dry seed yield per
plant, shelling percentage in fresh pods, total phenol (fresh pod), ash content (fresh
pod), protein (fresh pod), total sugar content (fresh pod), total phenol (dry seeds),
antioxidant activity (dry seeds) and total sugar (dry seeds), zinc (fresh pod), iron
(fresh pod), sodium (fresh pod), potassium (fresh pod), calcium (fresh pod), copper
(dry seed), iron (dry seed) and seed area. Therefore, selection for these traits will be
effective.
The correlation studies revealed that pod yield per plant had significantly
positive association with average pod weight, pod length, pod width, number of seeds
per pod, moisture content (fresh pod), phytate content (dry seeds) and sodium content
(dry seeds). Besides, dry seed yield per plant had significantly positive association
with plant height, number of primary branches, days to first pod harvest, number of
pods per cluster, number of seeds per pod, shelling percentage in fresh pods, ash
content (fresh pod), phytate content (dry seeds), protein content (dry seeds), iron
(fresh pod), potassium (fresh pod) and roundness of seed. Hence, these traits should
be taken into consideration while making the selection for yield and quality
improvement in dolichos bean. The path coefficient analysis at genotypic level
revealed that quantitative traits (average pod, number of pods per plant, pod width,
number of seeds per pod and shelling percentage in fresh pods, biochemical traits in
fresh pods (ash content), biochemical traits in dry seeds (phytate, total sugar, total
starch and protein content), mineral nutrients in fresh pods (potassium, sodium and
iron), mineral nutrients in dry seeds (potassium, sodium and iron content) and seed
traits (seed length, axial width, roundness, axial length and seed area) exhibited
maximum positive direct effect on pod yield per plant, thereby indicating the
importance of these traits for yield and quality improvement through direct or indirect
selection.
Genetic divergence studies revealed that the cluster I and cluster IV were more
divergent for biochemical traits in dry seeds, mineral nutrients in fresh pods and seed
traits, whereas cluster I and cluster V for quantitative traits, cluster II and cluster III
for biochemical traits in fresh pods and cluster IV and cluster V for mineral nutrients
in dry seeds. Hence, there will be more chances of getting transgressive segregants in
F2 generations involving crosses of genotypes from divergent clusters. Therefore,
hybridization between the genotypes of these groups can be very effective for further
yield and quality improvement in dolichos bean.
KEYWORDS: - Variability, heritability, correlation, path analysis, genetic divergence
Description
t-10005
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