Comparative study of the antioxidant activity of Emblica officicnalis (amla) and curcumin in rats
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Date
2003
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Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy
Abstract
The antioxidant activity of Emblica officinalis and Curcumin was
investigated in rats fed with one percent cholesterol diet for a period of two months.
They were divided into five groups of ten each. First group was fed a high fat diet;
others one percent cholesterol diet. Group H did not receive any treatment. Animals
of groups HI and IV were given Emblica officinalis at the rate of 50 and 100 mg/kg.
Group V was given curcumin at the rate of 250mg/kg. The liver samples of
experimental animals were analysed for lipid peroxide level, superoxide dismutase
and catalase activities. The blood samples were collected for serum cholesterol and
routine haernatological parameters. Body weight gain in them was also looked into.
There was no significant difference in the body weight gain in any of the
groups.
Higher level of lipid peroxide and serum cholesterol was obtained in the
control groups (groups I and H) compared to the treatments. Peak mean lipid
peroxide and serum cholesterol levels were noticed in group H after 60 days of
experiment viz, 386.076± 16.05 nmol of malondialdehyde (MDA)/ g wet tissue and
1I2.088± 5.24 mg/dl respectively. Curcumin reduced lipid peroxidation better than
Emblica where as Emblica officinalis at both dose rates reduced serum cholesterol
level than curcumin.
The activity of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase and catalase
were lowest in group H. The peak superoxide dismutase level shown by group V was
22:090± 2.29 units/mg protein after 60 days of treatment. Emblica at 100 mg/kg and
curcumin at 250 mg/kg were equally effective in inducing peak catalase levels. This
showed that both Emblica and curcumin are having potent and comparable level of
antioxidant property.
The haematological parameters from samples of all the groups were within
the normal range. The maximum total leukocyte count was noticed in group V after
30 days of treatment. After 60 days of treatment, there was no significant difference
between the groups. Variability in differential leukocyte count was noticed only. up
to half way of experiment.
From the study it can be inferred that both Emblica officinalis and curcumin
are potent antioxidants and that their antioxidant property is comparable.
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