Evaluation of Functional Outcome of Supracondylar Femoral Fracture in Dogs Stabilized with End Threaded Intramedullary Pin

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Date
2017
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Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Study was conducted on 24 clinical cases of dogs suffering from 26 supracondylar femoral fractures stabilized with end threaded intramedullary (IM) pin having 5 cancellous negative threads (Group I, n=8), cross pinning with Kirschner wires (Group II; n=8, 9 fractures) and conventional end threaded IM pins having 10-18 cancellous negative threads (Group III; n=8, 9 fractures). Higher incidence of supracondylar fractures of femur was recorded in male dogs (62.5%) of age group 3 to 6 months (45.84%) and weighing less than 10 Kg (45.83%). Fall from the height was the major cause of fractures (45.83%) and Salter Harris type II being the most common type (n=15, 57.7%). The size and quality of callus was better in group III compared to group I and II. Early weight bearing was evident in Group II, however at the final follow-up mean weight bearing scores remained less than Group I and III. Cross pinning technique used to stabilize supracondylar fracture of femur adversely affects flexion angles of stifle joint leading to joint stiffness compared to either of the end threaded pinning techniques; however, extension angles remained unaffected. Postoperative complications included osteomyelitis (n=1) in group I; pin migration (n=2) and implant dislodgement (n=1) in group II, and implant dislodgement due to improper seating of pin into distal fragment (n=2) in group III. It was concluded that the fixation of supracondylar fractures using cancellous negative end-threaded pins with 5 threads shortened the duration of surgery and had a few postoperative complications; however, based on formation of minimal and smooth callus and better functional outcome, conventional end threaded pin with 10-18 cancellous negative threads was assessed to be a better fixation technique and is recommend for the repair of supracondylar fractures of femur in dogs.
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