ASSESSMENT OF INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE IN DIAMONDBACK MOTH (Plutella xylostella L.) ON CABBAGE
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Date
2015
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Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri.
Abstract
Investigations on assessment of insecticide resistance
in diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, Linnaeus on cabbage
were undertaken at Department of Agricultural Entomology, Post
Graduate Institute, MPKV, Rahuri during 2011-2013. Insecticide
usage pattern in Ahmednagar, Dhule, Pune and Nashik locations
against diamondback moth on cabbage was also studied.
Survey results indicated that farmers relied mostly on
chemical insecticides to control the diamondback moth on
cabbage. The insecticides viz., chlorpyriphos, quinalphos,
profenophos, cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, flubendiamide
and chlorantraniliprole were the most widely used for its control.
It was also observed that the most cabbage growers from all four
locations followed routine or calendar spraying pattern. Majority
of the farmers did sprayings at an interval of 6 to 10 days giving
maximum 6 to 8 sprays. Toxicity of certain conventional insecticides against
P. xylostella in western Maharashtra was studied. The
populations collected from Ahmednagar, Dhule, Nashik and
Pune locations were tested using leaf dip technique of bioassay.
Based on the LC50 values, cartap hydrochloride was found to be
most toxic against DBM population from different locations with
LC50 values ranging from 0.3233 to 0.4384 mg a.i. ml.-1 followed
by lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyriphos with LC50 values of
0.5812 to 0.7179 and 1.1619 to 1.6513 mg a.i. ml-1, respectively.
Fenvalerate was found to be least effective against all the field
populations with the highest LC50 values ranging from 1.9966 to
2.3478 mg a.i. ml-1 followed by quinalphos with LC50 values
ranging from 1.2330 to 1.7351 mg a.i. ml-1.
In the present study, P. xylostella population collected
from all four locations recorded varied levels of resistance ranged
from 3.73 to 104.81-fold. Maximum level of resistance was
observed in fenvalerate (89.13-104.81-fold) followed by lambda
cyhalothrin (69.19-85.46-fold), quinalphos (38.41-54.05-fold)
and chlorpyriphos (21.92-31.16-fold). Very low level of resistance
was recorded by cartap hydrochloride (3.73-5.06-fold).
Baseline susceptibility studies with newer
insecticides were conducted by Potters spray tower method. The
results revealed that chlorantraniliprole was highly toxic to
P. xylostella with lowest (0.0039 mg a.i. ml-1) LC50 value followed
by spinosad, indoxacarb and chlorfenapyr with LC50 values of
0.0119, 0.0348 and 0.0873 mg a.i. ml-1, respectively. Novaluron
was the least toxic with highest LC50 value of 0.0921 mg a.i. ml-1. Based on LC50 values, the descending order of toxicity
of insecticides was chlorantraniliprole > spinosad > indoxacarb >
chlorfenapyr > novaluron. The level of resistance recorded by
chlorantraniliprole, spinosad, indoxacarb, chlorfenapyr and
novaluron were 3.90, 5.41, 7.73, 12.65 and 16.45-fold,
respectively when compared with susceptible strain.
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