ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF FARMS IN MARATHWADA REGION OF MAHARASHTRA
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Date
2017
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Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidaypeeth, Rahuri
Abstract
In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to study the economic analysis of farms in Marathwada region of Maharashtra. The study was conducted to examine employment, income and expenditure patterns of sample farms, to estimate per farm and per hectare cost of cultivation of major crops of study area and constraints faced by sample farmers as well as suggestions reported by farmers.
The primary data of 90 farmers were collected by personal interview method with the help of specially designed questionnaire for year 2016-17.
The per family employment at overall level was 374.72 man-days out of which male contributed 278.33 man-days and female contributed 96.39 man-days during study year. Out of three groups, large farmers have more working man-days (420.97 man-days)as compare to medium farmers (378.77 man-days) and small farmers (326.10 man-days). two variables viz; gross cropped area and livestock unit are highly significant at 1% level.
At overall level, the average gross family income was 1,91,261.59 during study year and maximum share of 63.46 per cent income is gained from crop production. The average per farm annual gross income for small farm family worked out to 1,04,351.83 while for medium and large farm family it was 1,98,894.63 and 2,70,538.30. Coefficient of gross cropped area, gross family employment and area under cash crops was found to be highly significant at 1 per cent level in overall farms.
At overall level, the average total annual family expenditure was 1,58,430.80 during study year and the major share of expenditure is estimated on crop production (43.82 %). The average annual family expenditure by small farm families is found to be 99,125.77. While, it was 1,59,185.17 and 2,16,981.47 for medium and large farm families respectively. In overall group coefficients of income from crop production, income from livestock and family size found to be highly significant at 1 per cent level.
The cost of cultivation of major crops were worked out by using standard cost concepts. Major crops identified were Soybean, Cotton, Pigeon pea and Green gram. Results revealed that the per hectare gross returns ofsoybean decreased with increase in the size of holdings. The per hectare profit at cost C was highest in case of medium size group (12878.54) followed by small size group of farms (12039.60) and large size group (10591.80)
There was no specific trend observed in gross return of cotton in different size of holdings. The per hectare profit at cost C was highest in case of large size group (16752.66) followed by medium size group of farms (13978.65) and least in small size group (596.00).
There was no specific trend in gross return of pigeon pea in different size of holdings. The per hectare net profit at cost C was highest in case of large size group (6948.39) and it was negative in medium ( -2323.39) and small size group ( -3164.34) of farms. Indicating that gross return from pigeon pea even did not recovered the total cost of cultivation of pigeon pea.
The per hectare profit at cost C for green gram was highest and positive only in case of large size group ( 5555.34) in medium and small size group of farms it was ( -6751.11) and ( -4862.33) respectively which was negative.
At the overall level the problem of shortage of irrigation water at stress condition was reported by most of farmers which counts 80.00 per cent. Problems regarding wide fluctuations of output prices and irregular electricity supply are the major problems reported at overall level.At the overall level the suggestion of timely availability fertilizer and seed was reported by most of farmers which counts 67.78 per cent. The suggestion of credit availability at time and about need of water conservation work were reported by same per cent of 61.11 per cent.
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